Knelstrom Intelligence · World Factbook
Marshall Islands
CapitalMajuro
Population36,282
GDP$308.0m
Area181 km²
RegionEast Asia & Pacific
Data sources current · last checked September 20, 2026 2:11 am
Country facts
Overview
Background
Humans arrived in the Marshall Islands in the first millennium B.C. and gradually created permanent settlements on the various atolls. The early inhabitants were skilled navigators who frequently traveled between atolls using stick charts to map the islands. Society became organized under two paramount chiefs, one each for the Ratak (Sunrise) Chain and the Ralik (Sunset) Chain. Spain formally claimed the islands in 1592. Germany established a supply station on Jaluit Atoll and bought the islands from Spain in 1884, although paramount chiefs continued to rule.
Japan seized the Marshall Islands in 1914 and was granted a League of Nations Mandate to administer the islands in 1920. The US captured the islands in heavy fighting during World War II, and the islands came under US administration as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI) in 1947. Between 1946 and 1958, the US resettled populations from Bikini and Enewetak Atolls and conducted 67 nuclear tests; people from Ailinginae, Rongelap, and Utrik Atolls were also evacuated because of nuclear fallout, and Bikini and Rongelap remain largely uninhabited. In 1979, the Marshall Islands drafted a constitution separate from the rest of the TTPI and declared independence under President Amata KABUA, a paramount chief. In 2000, Kessai NOTE became the first commoner elected president. In 2016, Hilda HEINE was the first woman elected president.
Reference: 2016, 2000, 1979, 1958Japan seized the Marshall Islands in 1914 and was granted a League of Nations Mandate to administer the islands in 1920. The US captured the islands in heavy fighting during World War II, and the islands came under US administration as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands (TTPI) in 1947. Between 1946 and 1958, the US resettled populations from Bikini and Enewetak Atolls and conducted 67 nuclear tests; people from Ailinginae, Rongelap, and Utrik Atolls were also evacuated because of nuclear fallout, and Bikini and Rongelap remain largely uninhabited. In 1979, the Marshall Islands drafted a constitution separate from the rest of the TTPI and declared independence under President Amata KABUA, a paramount chief. In 2000, Kessai NOTE became the first commoner elected president. In 2016, Hilda HEINE was the first woman elected president.
Geography
Location
Oceania, consists of 29 atolls and five isolated islands in the North Pacific Ocean, about halfway between Hawaii and Australia; the atolls and islands are situated in two, almost-parallel island chains - the Ratak (Sunrise) group and the Ralik (Sunset) group; the total number of islands and islets is about 1,225; 22 of the atolls and four of the islands are uninhabited
Map references
Oceania
Area
total: 181 sq km
land: 181 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: note: the archipelago includes 11,673 sq km (4,507 sq mi) of lagoon and encompasses the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik
land: 181 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: note: the archipelago includes 11,673 sq km (4,507 sq mi) of lagoon and encompasses the atolls of Bikini, Enewetak, Kwajalein, Majuro, Rongelap, and Utirik
Area - comparative
about the size of Washington, D.C.
Land boundaries
total: 0 km
Coastline
370.4 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
Terrain
low coral limestone and sand islands
Elevation
highest point: East-central Airik Island, Maloelap Atoll 14 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
mean elevation: 2 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
mean elevation: 2 m
Natural resources
coconut products, marine products, deep seabed minerals
Land use
agricultural land: 38.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 36.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 53.9% (2023 est.)
other: 7.2% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2022agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 36.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 53.9% (2023 est.)
other: 7.2% (2023 est.)
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2022)
Reference: 2022Population distribution
most people live in urban clusters on many of the country's islands; more than two thirds of the population lives on the atolls of Majuro and Ebeye
Natural hazards
infrequent typhoons
Geography - note
Kwajalein atoll surrounds the world's largest lagoon; the island city of Ebeye is the second largest settlement in the Marshall Islands, after the capital of Majuro, and one of the most densely populated locations in the Pacific
Population & Society
Nationality
noun: Marshallese (singular and plural)
adjective: Marshallese
adjective: Marshallese
Ethnic groups
Marshallese 95.6%, Filipino 1.1%, other 3.3% (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021Languages
Languages: Marshallese (official) 98.2%, other languages 1.8% (1999)
major-language sample(s): Bok eo an Lalin kin Melele ko Rejimwe ej jikin ebōk melele ko raurōk. (Marshallese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
note: note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language
Reference: 1999major-language sample(s): Bok eo an Lalin kin Melele ko Rejimwe ej jikin ebōk melele ko raurōk. (Marshallese)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
note: note: English (official), widely spoken as a second language
Religions
Protestant 79.3% (United Church of Christ 47.9%, Assembly of God 14.1%, Full Gospel 5%, Bukot Nan Jesus 3%, Salvation Army 2.3%, Reformed Congressional Church 2.2%, Seventh Day Adventist 1.7%, New Beginning Church 1.4%, other Protestant 1.6%), Roman Catholic 9.3%, Church of Jesus Christ 5.7%, Jehovah's Witness 1.3%, other 3.3%, none 1.1% (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021Age structure
0-14 years: 30% (male 12,538/female 12,072)
15-64 years: 64.3% (male 26,750/female 25,944)
65 years and over: 5.7% (2024 est.) (male 2,293/female 2,414)
Reference: 202415-64 years: 64.3% (male 26,750/female 25,944)
65 years and over: 5.7% (2024 est.) (male 2,293/female 2,414)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 55.6 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 46.7 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 8.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 11.2 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024youth dependency ratio: 46.7 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 8.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 11.2 (2024 est.)
Median age
total: 25.5 years (2024 est.)
male: 25.4 years
female: 25.6 years
Reference: 2024male: 25.4 years
female: 25.6 years
Population growth rate
1.26% (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Birth rate
21.2 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Death rate
4.3 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Population distribution
most people live in urban clusters on many of the country's islands; more than two thirds of the population lives on the atolls of Majuro and Ebeye
Major urban areas - population
31,000 MAJURO (capital) (2018)
Reference: 2018Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Reference: 20240-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.95 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
155 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Gross reproduction rate
1.3 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Drinking water source
improved: urban: urban: 84.5% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 87.2% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 85.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 15.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 12.8% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 14.9% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 87.2% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 85.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 15.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 12.8% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 14.9% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 12.5% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 6.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 6.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
0.47 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
Reference: 2012Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: urban: 92.8% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 70.4% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 88% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 7.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 29.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 12% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 70.4% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 88% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 7.2% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 29.6% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 12% of population (2022 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
52.9% (2016)
Reference: 2016Tobacco use
total: 30.9% (2025 est.)
male: 52.9% (2025 est.)
female: 8.5% (2025 est.)
male: 52.9% (2025 est.)
female: 8.5% (2025 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
11.9% (2017 est.)
Reference: 2017Currently married women (ages 15-49)
68.3% (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years (2022 est.)
male: 14 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022male: 14 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Migration & Displacement
Immigrant/emigrant stock measures the number of international migrants resident in, or originating from, the country; it is not the same as annual immigration/emigration flows.
Refugees and internally displaced persons
IDPs: 35 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Government & Politics
| Office | Holder | Affiliation | From | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head of state | Hilda Heine | — | 2024-01-03 | Current | Reported |
| Head of government | Hilda Heine | — | 2024-01-03 | Current | Reported |
Country name
conventional long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands
conventional short form: Marshall Islands
local long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands
local short form: Marshall Islands
former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Marshall Islands District
abbreviation: RMI
etymology: named after British Captain John MARSHALL, who charted many of the islands in 1788
conventional short form: Marshall Islands
local long form: Republic of the Marshall Islands
local short form: Marshall Islands
former: Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, Marshall Islands District
abbreviation: RMI
etymology: named after British Captain John MARSHALL, who charted many of the islands in 1788
Government type
mixed presidential-parliamentary system in free association with the US
Capital
name: Majuro
geographic coordinates: 7 06 N, 171 23 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Majuro means "two openings" or "two eyes" and refers to the two major passages through the atoll into the Majuro lagoon
note: note: the capital is an atoll of 64 islands; governmental buildings are housed on three fused islands on the eastern side of the atoll: Djarrit, Uliga, and Delap
geographic coordinates: 7 06 N, 171 23 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: Majuro means "two openings" or "two eyes" and refers to the two major passages through the atoll into the Majuro lagoon
note: note: the capital is an atoll of 64 islands; governmental buildings are housed on three fused islands on the eastern side of the atoll: Djarrit, Uliga, and Delap
Administrative divisions
24 municipalities; Ailinglaplap, Ailuk, Arno, Aur, Bikini & Kili, Ebon, Enewetak & Ujelang, Jabat, Jaluit, Kwajalein, Lae, Lib, Likiep, Majuro, Maloelap, Mejit, Mili, Namorik, Namu, Rongelap, Ujae, Utrik, Wotho, Wotje
Legal system
mixed system of US and English common law, customary law, and local statutes
Constitution
history: effective 1 May 1979
amendment process: proposed by the National Parliament or by a constitutional convention; passage by Parliament requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership in each of two readings and approval by a majority of votes in a referendum; amendments submitted by a constitutional convention require approval of at least two thirds of votes in a referendum
Reference: 1979amendment process: proposed by the National Parliament or by a constitutional convention; passage by Parliament requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the total membership in each of two readings and approval by a majority of votes in a referendum; amendments submitted by a constitutional convention require approval of at least two thirds of votes in a referendum
International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Marshall Islands
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of the Marshall Islands
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 5 years
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023)
head of government: President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the president from among members of the Nitijela, appointed by Nitijela speaker
election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits)
most recent election date: 2 January 2023
election results: 2023: Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 17, David KABUA (independent) 16
2020: David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA (independent) 20, Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 12
expected date of next election: 2027
note: note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
Reference: 2027, 2023, 2020head of government: President Hilda C. HEINE (since 3 January 2023)
cabinet: Cabinet nominated by the president from among members of the Nitijela, appointed by Nitijela speaker
election/appointment process: president indirectly elected by the Nitijela from among its members for a 4-year term (no term limits)
most recent election date: 2 January 2023
election results: 2023: Hilda C. HEINE elected president; National Parliament vote - Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 17, David KABUA (independent) 16
2020: David KABUA elected president; National Parliament vote - David KABUA (independent) 20, Hilda C. HEINE (independent) 12
expected date of next election: 2027
note: note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
Legislative branch
legislature name: Parliament (Nitijela)
legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 33 (all directly elected)
electoral system: plurality/majority
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 11/20/2023
percentage of women in chamber: 12.1%
expected date of next election: November 2027
note: note: the Council of Iroij is a 12-member consultative group of tribal leaders that advises the Presidential Cabinet and reviews legislation affecting customary law or any traditional practice
Reference: 2027, 2023legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 33 (all directly elected)
electoral system: plurality/majority
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 11/20/2023
percentage of women in chamber: 12.1%
expected date of next election: November 2027
note: note: the Council of Iroij is a 12-member consultative group of tribal leaders that advises the Presidential Cabinet and reviews legislation affecting customary law or any traditional practice
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 2 associate justices)
judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the Cabinet on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission (consists of the chief justice of the High Court, the attorney general and a private citizen selected by the Cabinet) and upon approval of the Nitijela; the current chief justice, appointed in 2013, serves for 10 years; Marshallese citizens appointed as justices serve until retirement at age 72
subordinate courts: High Court; District Courts; Traditional Rights Court; Community Courts
Reference: 2013judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the Cabinet on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission (consists of the chief justice of the High Court, the attorney general and a private citizen selected by the Cabinet) and upon approval of the Nitijela; the current chief justice, appointed in 2013, serves for 10 years; Marshallese citizens appointed as justices serve until retirement at age 72
subordinate courts: High Court; District Courts; Traditional Rights Court; Community Courts
Political parties
traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Charles Rudolph PAUL (since 27 February 2024)
chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414
FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236
email address and website: info@rmiembassyus.org
consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Springdale (AR)
Reference: 2024chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414
FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236
email address and website: info@rmiembassyus.org
consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Springdale (AR)
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Laura M. STONE (since 12 July 2024)
embassy: Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro
mailing address: 4380 Majuro Place, Washington DC 20521-4380
telephone: [692] 247-4011
FAX: [692] 247-4012
email address and website: MAJConsular@state.gov
https://mh.usembassy.gov/
Reference: 2024embassy: Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro
mailing address: 4380 Majuro Place, Washington DC 20521-4380
telephone: [692] 247-4011
FAX: [692] 247-4012
email address and website: MAJConsular@state.gov
https://mh.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, WHO
Independence
21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN trusteeship)
Reference: 1986National holiday
Constitution Day, 1 May (1979)
Reference: 1979Flag
description: blue with an orange stripe and a white stripe radiating from the lower-left corner to the upper-right corner; a white star with four large rays and 20 small rays appears on the left side above the two stripes
meaning: blue stands for the Pacific Ocean, orange for the Ralik Chain (or sunset and courage), and white for the Ratak Chain (or sunrise and peace); the star symbolizes the Christian cross, with a small ray for each electoral district and a larger ray for the principal cultural centers of Majuro, Jaluit, Wotje, and Ebeye; the diagonal stripes can also be interpreted as representing the equator, with the star showing the archipelago's position
meaning: blue stands for the Pacific Ocean, orange for the Ralik Chain (or sunset and courage), and white for the Ratak Chain (or sunrise and peace); the star symbolizes the Christian cross, with a small ray for each electoral district and a larger ray for the principal cultural centers of Majuro, Jaluit, Wotje, and Ebeye; the diagonal stripes can also be interpreted as representing the equator, with the star showing the archipelago's position
National symbol(s)
a 24-rayed star
National color(s)
blue, white, orange
National anthem(s)
title: "Forever Marshall Islands"
lyrics/music: Amata KABUA
history: adopted 1981; words and music written by the first president of the Marshall Islands
Reference: 1981lyrics/music: Amata KABUA
history: adopted 1981; words and music written by the first president of the Marshall Islands
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site
selected World Heritage Site locales: Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test Site
Government & Official Links
No official institutional links have yet been verified for this country.
Legislature & Elections
Legislature
| Name | Chamber | Seats | Electoral system |
|---|---|---|---|
| Legislature of the Marshall Islands | — | 33 | — |
Economy
Economic overview
upper middle-income Pacific island economy; US aid reliance; large public sector; coconut oil production as diesel fuel substitute; growing offshore banking locale; fishing rights seller; import-dependent
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $270.809 million (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $263.507 million (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $274.3 million (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $263.507 million (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $274.3 million (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2024: $7,200 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $6,800 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $6,800 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP per capita 2023: $6,800 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $6,800 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 6.2% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021: 2.6% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020: -0.7% (2020 est.)
note: note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021: 2.6% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020: -0.7% (2020 est.)
note: note: annual % change based on consumer prices
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 19.5% (2023 est.)
industry: 11.1% (2023 est.)
services: 70.5% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Reference: 2023industry: 11.1% (2023 est.)
services: 70.5% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 70.7% (2023 est.)
government consumption: 53.5% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 20.2% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories: -0.5% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services: 38.9% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services: -71.2% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Reference: 2023government consumption: 53.5% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 20.2% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories: -0.5% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services: 38.9% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services: -71.2% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Agricultural products
coconuts (2023)
note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Reference: 2023note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Industries
copra, tuna processing, tourism, craft items (from seashells, wood, and pearls)
Industrial production growth rate
-2.8% (2023 est.)
note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Reference: 2023note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Population below poverty line
7.2% (2019 est.)
note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Reference: 2019note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019: 35.5 (2019 est.)
note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Reference: 2019note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 2.8% (2019 est.)
highest 10%: 27.5% (2019 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Reference: 2019highest 10%: 27.5% (2019 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Remittances
Remittances 2023: 13.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 13.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 13.3% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Remittances 2022: 13.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 13.3% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Budget
revenues: $171.267 million (2020 est.)
expenditures: $159.095 million (2020 est.)
note: note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Reference: 2020expenditures: $159.095 million (2020 est.)
note: note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Public debt
Public debt 2019: 41.6% of GDP (2019 est.)
note: note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Reference: 2019note: note: central government debt as a % of GDP
Taxes and other revenues
17.2% (of GDP) (2020 est.)
note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Reference: 2020note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Current account balance
Current account balance 2021: $76.263 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: $90.281 million (2020 est.)
Current account balance 2019: $86.133 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2021, 2020, 2019Current account balance 2020: $90.281 million (2020 est.)
Current account balance 2019: $86.133 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2021: $130.016 million (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $88.042 million (2020 est.)
Exports 2019: $91.394 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2021, 2020, 2019Exports 2020: $88.042 million (2020 est.)
Exports 2019: $91.394 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
UK 16%, Germany 13%, Denmark 10%, Ghana 9%, Cyprus 9% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, fish, natural gas, stone processing machines (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2021: $206.025 million (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $132.845 million (2020 est.)
Imports 2019: $129.682 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2021, 2020, 2019Imports 2020: $132.845 million (2020 est.)
Imports 2019: $129.682 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
China 47%, Japan 15%, Germany 5%, Brazil 4%, Cyprus 4% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, additive manufacturing machines, iron structures, crude petroleum (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Exchange rates
the US dollar is used
Trade
Current account balance
Current account balance 2021: $76.263 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: $90.281 million (2020 est.)
Current account balance 2019: $86.133 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2021, 2020, 2019Current account balance 2020: $90.281 million (2020 est.)
Current account balance 2019: $86.133 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2021: $130.016 million (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $88.042 million (2020 est.)
Exports 2019: $91.394 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2021, 2020, 2019Exports 2020: $88.042 million (2020 est.)
Exports 2019: $91.394 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
UK 16%, Germany 13%, Denmark 10%, Ghana 9%, Cyprus 9% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, fish, natural gas, stone processing machines (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2021: $206.025 million (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $132.845 million (2020 est.)
Imports 2019: $129.682 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2021, 2020, 2019Imports 2020: $132.845 million (2020 est.)
Imports 2019: $129.682 million (2019 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
China 47%, Japan 15%, Germany 5%, Brazil 4%, Cyprus 4% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
ships, refined petroleum, additive manufacturing machines, iron structures, crude petroleum (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Energy & Resources
Infrastructure
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 2,000 (2014 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2014subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2022 est.)
Health
Maternal mortality ratio
155 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 12.5% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 6.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 6.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
0.47 physicians/1,000 population (2012)
Reference: 2012Obesity - adult prevalence rate
52.9% (2016)
Reference: 2016Tobacco use
total: 30.9% (2025 est.)
male: 52.9% (2025 est.)
female: 8.5% (2025 est.)
male: 52.9% (2025 est.)
female: 8.5% (2025 est.)
Education
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years (2022 est.)
male: 14 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022male: 14 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Rights, Freedoms & Society
LGBTQ+ Rights & Law
Concrete legal-status fields only; Knelstrom does not generate an LGBTQ rights score or country ranking.
Source: Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory (CC BY-SA 4.0). Community-edited legal-status summary; retrieved by Knelstrom and not legal advice.
Crime & Justice
Legal system
mixed system of US and English common law, customary law, and local statutes
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 2 associate justices)
judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the Cabinet on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission (consists of the chief justice of the High Court, the attorney general and a private citizen selected by the Cabinet) and upon approval of the Nitijela; the current chief justice, appointed in 2013, serves for 10 years; Marshallese citizens appointed as justices serve until retirement at age 72
subordinate courts: High Court; District Courts; Traditional Rights Court; Community Courts
Reference: 2013judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the Cabinet on the recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission (consists of the chief justice of the High Court, the attorney general and a private citizen selected by the Cabinet) and upon approval of the Nitijela; the current chief justice, appointed in 2013, serves for 10 years; Marshallese citizens appointed as justices serve until retirement at age 72
subordinate courts: High Court; District Courts; Traditional Rights Court; Community Courts
Military & Security
Military and security forces
no regular military forces; Marshall Islands Police Department (includes a Sea Patrol Division) (2025)
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of the US; in 1982, the Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association (COFA) with the US, which granted the Marshall Islands financial assistance and access to many US domestic programs in exchange for exclusive US military access and defense responsibilities; the COFA entered into force in 1986; the Marshall Islands hosts a US Army missile test site
the Marshall Islands has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within its designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
Reference: 2025, 1986, 1982the Marshall Islands has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within its designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
International Relations
International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Charles Rudolph PAUL (since 27 February 2024)
chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414
FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236
email address and website: info@rmiembassyus.org
consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Springdale (AR)
Reference: 2024chancery: 2433 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 234-5414
FAX: [1] (202) 232-3236
email address and website: info@rmiembassyus.org
consulate(s) general: Honolulu, Springdale (AR)
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Laura M. STONE (since 12 July 2024)
embassy: Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro
mailing address: 4380 Majuro Place, Washington DC 20521-4380
telephone: [692] 247-4011
FAX: [692] 247-4012
email address and website: MAJConsular@state.gov
https://mh.usembassy.gov/
Reference: 2024embassy: Mejen Weto, Ocean Side, Majuro
mailing address: 4380 Majuro Place, Washington DC 20521-4380
telephone: [692] 247-4011
FAX: [692] 247-4012
email address and website: MAJConsular@state.gov
https://mh.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, WHO
Treaties & Organisations
| Organisation | Status | Joined |
|---|---|---|
| United Nations (UN) | member | 1991-09-17 |
International law organization participation
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, IDA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, WHO
Conflict & Security
Refugees and internally displaced persons
IDPs: 35 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Transportation & Logistics
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
V7
Airports
33 (2025)
Merchant marine
total: 4,180 (2023)
by type: bulk carrier 1,939, container ship 277, general cargo 66, oil tanker 1039, other 859
Reference: 2023by type: bulk carrier 1,939, container ship 277, general cargo 66, oil tanker 1039, other 859
Ports
total ports: 3 (2024)
large: 0
medium: 0
small: 0
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 2
key ports: Enitwetak Island, Kwajalein, Majuro Atoll
Reference: 2024large: 0
medium: 0
small: 0
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 2
key ports: Enitwetak Island, Kwajalein, Majuro Atoll
Environment
Environmental issues
inadequate potable water; pollution of Majuro lagoon from household waste and discharges from fishing vessels; sea-level rise
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Climate
tropical; hot and humid; wet season May to November; islands border typhoon belt
Land use
agricultural land: 38.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 36.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 53.9% (2023 est.)
other: 7.2% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2022agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 36.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 53.9% (2023 est.)
other: 7.2% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 78.9% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2020rate of urbanization: 0.61% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
293,700 metric tonnes of CO2 (2017 est.)
Reference: 2017Particulate matter emissions
7.2 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 8,600 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 39.7% (2022 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2022percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 39.7% (2022 est.)
Communications & Media
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 2,000 (2014 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2014subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 5 (2022 est.)
Broadcast media
no TV broadcast station; a cable network is available on Majuro with programming via videotape replay and satellite relays; 4 radio broadcast stations; US Armed Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS) provides satellite radio and TV service to Kwajalein Atoll (2019)
Reference: 2019Internet country code
.mh
Historical Trends
Population
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Population data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 47,709 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 46,529 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 45,285 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 44,007 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 42,706 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 41,367 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 40,077 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 38,827 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 37,548 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 36,282 | world_bank_wdi |
GDP (current US$)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View GDP (current US$) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $201,800,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | $213,700,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | $220,000,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | $232,900,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | $241,800,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | $261,245,500 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | $258,723,500 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | $264,000,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | $285,000,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | $308,000,000 | world_bank_wdi |
International migrant stock (immigrants)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International migrant stock (immigrants) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 3,298 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 3,309 | world_bank_wdi |
International emigrant stock
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International emigrant stock data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 314 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 1995 | 385 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2000 | 468 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2005 | 435 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2010 | 379 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2015 | 379 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2020 | 387 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2024 | 400 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
Net migration
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Net migration data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | -2,003 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | -2,040 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | -2,058 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | -2,030 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | -2,004 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | -2,016 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | -1,829 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | -1,832 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | -1,765 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | -1,698 | world_bank_wdi |
Sources & Methodology
Current statistical observations include their reference period and provenance. Reference fields from approved source datasets are attributed below. Missing information is left unknown rather than inferred.
| Indicator | Value | Period | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 36,282 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| UN Population Division population estimate | 35,075 | 2026 | UN Population Division Data Portal | Estimated |
| Wikidata population (fallback) | 53,127 | 2017 | Wikidata | Reported |
| International migrant stock (immigrants) | 3,309 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International migrant stock | 8.8% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International emigrant stock | 400 | 2024 | UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 | Estimated |
| Net migration | -1,698 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Refugees from this country | 0 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Asylum seekers from this country | 16 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Same-sex sexual activity | Yes Legal since 2005; + UN decl. sign. | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Recognition of same-sex relationships | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex marriage | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex adoption | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Open military service | Has no military | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law | Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| GDP (current US$) | $308,000,000 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | $8,489 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP growth | 2.3% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Income level | Upper middle income | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Life expectancy at birth | 67.1 years | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fertility rate | 2.9 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Urban population | 79.1% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Individuals using the Internet | 65.9% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Exports of goods and services | 36.0% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Imports of goods and services | 79.9% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Trade | 115.9% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Adult literacy rate | 95.8% | 2021 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secondary school enrolment, gross | 85.8% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Government education expenditure | 7.7% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Access to electricity | 97.2% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Renewable energy consumption | 12.2% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Current health expenditure | 13.4% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Infant mortality rate | 22.7 per 1,000 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Forest area | 52.2% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions | 39.7 per 100 | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions | 2.4 per 100 | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secure Internet servers | 213 per million | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude | 7.1105° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Longitude | 171.1350° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude (Wikidata) | 9.8200° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Longitude (Wikidata) | 169.2900° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Time zone | UTC+12:00, Pacific/Kwajalein, Pacific/Majuro | current | Wikidata | Reported |
Data attribution
Credits below are generated from sources actually used by this country profile. Source-specific terms take precedence.
- CIA World Factbook, final 2025 country profile (structured via factbook.json). Accessed September 20, 2026. U.S. Government public-domain data; retained as a reference source where a newer approved field is not available. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024; data access/processing via Our World in Data. Accessed September 20, 2026. Underlying UN dataset used under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects (WPP indicator 49) Accessed September 19, 2026. Used under CC BY 3.0 IGO; current-year WPP population values are presented as estimates/projections where applicable. Source · Terms/licence
- Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem), Country-Year Dataset v16 (variables: availability) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0; V-Dem measures are expert-coded/modelled and no V-Dem endorsement is implied. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikidata structured data (CC0). Accessed September 20, 2026. Attribution is provided by Knelstrom for provenance although CC0 does not require it. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikipedia, “LGBTQ rights by country or territory” (source revision/data fields: Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Open military service, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Recognition of same-sex relationships, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex adoption, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex marriage, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex sexual activity, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Knelstrom changes formatting and presents the imported material as a community-edited legal-status summary, not legal advice or a Knelstrom rights score. Source · Terms/licence
- World Bank, World Development Indicators (series: AG.LND.FRST.ZS, country_metadata, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, IT.NET.BBND.P2, IT.NET.SECR.P6, IT.NET.USER.ZS, NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS, NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS, NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS, NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, SE.ADT.LITR.ZS, SE.SEC.ENRR, SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS, SM.POP.ASYS.EO, SM.POP.NETM, SM.POP.RHCR.EO, SM.POP.TOTL, SM.POP.TOTL.ZS, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS) Accessed September 20, 2026. Data used under CC BY 4.0; Knelstrom presentation/formatting may differ from the source. Source · Terms/licence
Knelstrom does not imply endorsement by any listed data provider.
Last automated statistical refresh: 2026-09-20 02:10:29