Knelstrom Intelligence · World Factbook
Kiribati
Republic of Kiribati
CapitalSouth Tarawa
Population136,488
GDP$349.2m
Area811 km²
RegionEast Asia & Pacific
Data sources current · last checked September 20, 2026 2:10 am
Country facts
Overview
Background
Kiribati is made up of three distinct island groups -- the Gilbert Islands, the Line Islands, and the Phoenix Islands. The first Austronesian voyagers arrived in the Gilbert Islands as early as 3000 B.C., but these islands were not widely settled until about A.D. 200 by Micronesians. Around 1300, Samoans and Tongans invaded the southern Gilbert Islands, then known as Tungaru, bringing Polynesian cultural elements with them. Later arrivals of Fijians brought Melanesian elements to the Gilbert Islands, and extensive intermarriage between the Micronesian, Polynesian, and Melanesian people led to the creation of what would become Gilbertese cultural traditions by the time Europeans spotted the islands in the 1600s. The Phoenix Islands and Line Islands were both visited by various Melanesian and Polynesian peoples, but their isolation and lack of natural resources meant that long-term settlements were not possible. Both island groups were uninhabited by the time of European contact.
Kiribati experienced sustained European contact by the 1760s; all three island groups were named and charted by 1826. American whaling ships frequently passed through the islands, and the UK declared a protectorate over the Gilbert and nearby Ellice Islands in 1892, in an attempt to block growing US influence. Phosphate-rich Banaba Island was annexed to the protectorate in 1900. In 1916, the protectorate became a colony, and some Line Islands were added in 1916 and 1919, with the final ones added in 1972. The Phoenix Islands were added to the colony in 1937, and the UK agreed to share jurisdiction of some with the US because of their strategic location for aviation. During World War II, the islands were occupied by Japanese forces but were ejected by US amphibious assaults. The Ellice Islands became its own colony in 1974 and was renamed Tuvalu for “eight standing together” in 1975. The Gilbert Islands became fully self-governing in 1977 and independent in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati, the Gilbertese spelling of Gilberts. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Islands in a 1979 treaty of friendship.
In 2012, Kiribati purchased a 22 sq km (8.5 sq mi) plot of land in Fiji for potential eventual resettlement of its population because of climate change, and in 2014 Fijian Prime Minister Voreqe BAINIMARAMA said residents of Kiribati would be welcome to relocate to Fiji if their country is swamped by rising sea levels.
Reference: 2014, 2012, 1979, 1977Kiribati experienced sustained European contact by the 1760s; all three island groups were named and charted by 1826. American whaling ships frequently passed through the islands, and the UK declared a protectorate over the Gilbert and nearby Ellice Islands in 1892, in an attempt to block growing US influence. Phosphate-rich Banaba Island was annexed to the protectorate in 1900. In 1916, the protectorate became a colony, and some Line Islands were added in 1916 and 1919, with the final ones added in 1972. The Phoenix Islands were added to the colony in 1937, and the UK agreed to share jurisdiction of some with the US because of their strategic location for aviation. During World War II, the islands were occupied by Japanese forces but were ejected by US amphibious assaults. The Ellice Islands became its own colony in 1974 and was renamed Tuvalu for “eight standing together” in 1975. The Gilbert Islands became fully self-governing in 1977 and independent in 1979 under the new name of Kiribati, the Gilbertese spelling of Gilberts. The US relinquished all claims to the sparsely inhabited Phoenix and Line Islands in a 1979 treaty of friendship.
In 2012, Kiribati purchased a 22 sq km (8.5 sq mi) plot of land in Fiji for potential eventual resettlement of its population because of climate change, and in 2014 Fijian Prime Minister Voreqe BAINIMARAMA said residents of Kiribati would be welcome to relocate to Fiji if their country is swamped by rising sea levels.
Geography
Location
Oceania, group of 32 coral atolls and one raised coral island in the Pacific Ocean, straddling the Equator; the capital Tarawa is about halfway between Hawaii and Australia
Map references
Oceania
Area
total: 811 sq km
land: 811 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: note: includes three island groups -- Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, and Phoenix Islands -- dispersed over about 3.5 million sq km (1.35 million sq mi)
land: 811 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: note: includes three island groups -- Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, and Phoenix Islands -- dispersed over about 3.5 million sq km (1.35 million sq mi)
Area - comparative
four times the size of Washington, D.C.
Land boundaries
total: 0 km
Coastline
1,143 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Climate
tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Terrain
mostly low-lying coral atolls surrounded by extensive reefs
Elevation
highest point: unnamed elevation on Banaba 81 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
mean elevation: 2 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
mean elevation: 2 m
Natural resources
phosphate (production discontinued in 1979), coconuts (copra), fish
Reference: 1979Land use
agricultural land: 42% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 39.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 1.3% (2023 est.)
other: 56.7% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2022agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 39.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 1.3% (2023 est.)
other: 56.7% (2023 est.)
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2022)
Reference: 2022Population distribution
consists of three archipelagos spread out over an area roughly the size of India; the eastern Line Islands and central Phoenix Islands are sparsely populated, but the western Gilbert Islands are some of the most densely settled places on earth, with the main island of South Tarawa boasting a population density similar to Tokyo or Hong Kong
Natural hazards
typhoons can occur any time, but usually November to March; occasional tornadoes; low level of some of the islands make them sensitive to changes in sea level
Geography - note
21 of the 33 islands are inhabited; Banaba (Ocean Island) in Kiribati is one of the three great phosphate rock islands in the Pacific Ocean -- the others are Makatea in French Polynesia, and Nauru; Kiribati is the only country in the world to fall into all four hemispheres (northern, southern, eastern, and western)
Population & Society
Nationality
noun: I-Kiribati (singular and plural)
adjective: Kiribati
adjective: Kiribati
Ethnic groups
I-Kiribati 95.78%, I-Kiribati/mixed 3.8%, Tuvaluan 0.2%, other 1.7% (2020 est.)
Reference: 2020Languages
Gilbertese, English (official)
Religions
Roman Catholic 58.9%, Kiribati Uniting Church 21.2%, Kiribati Protestant Church 8.4%, Church of Jesus Christ 5.6%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.1%, Baha'i 2.1%, other 1.7% (2020 est.)
Reference: 2020Age structure
0-14 years: 26.8% (male 15,895/female 15,304)
15-64 years: 67.9% (male 38,046/female 41,059)
65 years and over: 5.4% (2024 est.) (male 2,423/female 3,818)
Reference: 202415-64 years: 67.9% (male 38,046/female 41,059)
65 years and over: 5.4% (2024 est.) (male 2,423/female 3,818)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 47.3 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 39.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 7.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 12.7 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024youth dependency ratio: 39.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 7.9 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 12.7 (2024 est.)
Median age
total: 27.3 years (2024 est.)
male: 26.4 years
female: 28.2 years
Reference: 2024male: 26.4 years
female: 28.2 years
Population growth rate
1% (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Birth rate
19.7 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Death rate
6.9 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Population distribution
consists of three archipelagos spread out over an area roughly the size of India; the eastern Line Islands and central Phoenix Islands are sparsely populated, but the western Gilbert Islands are some of the most densely settled places on earth, with the main island of South Tarawa boasting a population density similar to Tokyo or Hong Kong
Major urban areas - population
64,000 TARAWA (capital) (2018)
Reference: 2018Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female
total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Reference: 20240-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.93 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.63 male(s)/female
total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
23.1 years (2009 est.)
note: note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
Reference: 2009note: note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-29
Maternal mortality ratio
80 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Gross reproduction rate
1.05 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Drinking water source
improved: urban: urban: 87.9% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 59.5% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 75.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 12.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 40.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 24.3% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 59.5% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 75.7% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 12.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 40.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 24.3% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 14.8% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 9.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 9.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2013)
Reference: 2013Hospital bed density
1.9 beds/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Reference: 2016Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: urban: 72.6% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 48.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 62.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 27.4% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 51.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 37.9% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 48.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 62.1% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 27.4% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 51.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 37.9% of population (2022 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
46% (2016)
Reference: 2016Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 0.43 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 0.26 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.17 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019beer: 0.26 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.17 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 35.4% (2025 est.)
male: 48.4% (2025 est.)
female: 23.6% (2025 est.)
male: 48.4% (2025 est.)
female: 23.6% (2025 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
6.9% (2018 est.)
Reference: 2018Currently married women (ages 15-49)
67.6% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Child marriage
women married by age 15: 2.4% (2019)
women married by age 18: 18.4% (2019)
men married by age 18: 8.6% (2019)
Reference: 2019women married by age 18: 18.4% (2019)
men married by age 18: 8.6% (2019)
Migration & Displacement
Immigrant/emigrant stock measures the number of international migrants resident in, or originating from, the country; it is not the same as annual immigration/emigration flows.
Government & Politics
| Office | Holder | Affiliation | From | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head of state | Taneti Maamau | — | 2016-03-11 | Current | Reported |
| Head of government | Taneti Maamau | — | 2016-03-11 | Current | Reported |
Country name
conventional long form: Republic of Kiribati
conventional short form: Kiribati
local long form: Republic of Kiribati
local short form: Kiribati
former: Gilbert Islands
etymology: the name is the local pronunciation of "Gilbert," the former designation of the islands; originally named after explorer Thomas GILBERT, who mapped many of the islands in 1788
note: note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss
conventional short form: Kiribati
local long form: Republic of Kiribati
local short form: Kiribati
former: Gilbert Islands
etymology: the name is the local pronunciation of "Gilbert," the former designation of the islands; originally named after explorer Thomas GILBERT, who mapped many of the islands in 1788
note: note: pronounced keer-ree-bahss
Government type
presidential republic
Capital
name: Tarawa
geographic coordinates: 1 21 N, 173 02 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
time zone note: Kiribati has three time zones: the Gilbert Islands group at UTC+12, the Phoenix Islands at UTC+13, and the Line Islands at UTC+14
etymology: the name is said to derive from the I-Kiribati words te (the) and rawa (run), referring to a channel through a nearby reef
geographic coordinates: 1 21 N, 173 02 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
time zone note: Kiribati has three time zones: the Gilbert Islands group at UTC+12, the Phoenix Islands at UTC+13, and the Line Islands at UTC+14
etymology: the name is said to derive from the I-Kiribati words te (the) and rawa (run), referring to a channel through a nearby reef
Administrative divisions
3 geographical units: Gilbert Islands, Line Islands, Phoenix Islands; there are no first-order administrative divisions, but the 6 districts are Banaba, Central Gilberts, Line Islands, Northern Gilberts, Southern Gilberts, Tarawa, with 21 island councils on Abaiang, Abemama, Aranuka, Arorae, Banaba, Beru, Butaritari, Kanton, Kiritimati, Kuria, Maiana, Makin, Marakei, Nikunau, Nonouti, Onotoa, Tabiteuea, Tabuaeran, Tamana, Tarawa, Teraina
Legal system
English common law supplemented by customary law
Constitution
history: The Gilbert and Ellice Islands Order in Council 1915, The Gilbert Islands Order in Council 1975 (pre-independence); latest promulgated 12 July 1979 (at independence)
amendment process: proposed by the House of Assembly; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly membership; passage of amendments affecting the constitutional section on amendment procedures and parts of the constitutional chapter on citizenship requires deferral of the proposal to the next Assembly meeting where approval is required by at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly membership and support of the nominated or elected Banaban member of the Assembly; amendments affecting the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms also requires approval by at least two-thirds majority in a referendum
Reference: 1979, 1975, 1915amendment process: proposed by the House of Assembly; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly membership; passage of amendments affecting the constitutional section on amendment procedures and parts of the constitutional chapter on citizenship requires deferral of the proposal to the next Assembly meeting where approval is required by at least two-thirds majority vote of the Assembly membership and support of the nominated or elected Banaban member of the Assembly; amendments affecting the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms also requires approval by at least two-thirds majority in a referendum
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Kiribati
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a native-born citizen of Kiribati
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 7 years
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016)
head of government: President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among House of Assembly members
election/appointment process: president directly elected for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms) by simple-majority popular vote, after candidates are nominated from among House of Assembly members; vice president appointed by the president
most recent election date: 25 October 2024
election results: 2024: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKP) 55%, Kaotitaake KOKORIA (independent) 42%, Bautaake BEIA (TKP) 3%
2020: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKP) 59.3%, Banuera BERINA (BKM) 40.7%
expected date of next election: 2028
note: note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
Reference: 2028, 2024, 2020, 2016head of government: President Taneti MAAMAU (since 11 March 2016)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among House of Assembly members
election/appointment process: president directly elected for a 4-year term (eligible for 2 additional terms) by simple-majority popular vote, after candidates are nominated from among House of Assembly members; vice president appointed by the president
most recent election date: 25 October 2024
election results: 2024: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKP) 55%, Kaotitaake KOKORIA (independent) 42%, Bautaake BEIA (TKP) 3%
2020: Taneti MAAMAU reelected president; percent of vote - Taneti MAAMAU (TKP) 59.3%, Banuera BERINA (BKM) 40.7%
expected date of next election: 2028
note: note: the president is both chief of state and head of government
Legislative branch
legislature name: House of Assembly (Maneaba Ni Maungatabu)
legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 45 (44 directly elected; 1 appointed)
electoral system: plurality/majority
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 8/14/2024 to 8/19/2024
percentage of women in chamber: 11.1%
expected date of next election: August 2028
Reference: 2028, 2024legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 45 (44 directly elected; 1 appointed)
electoral system: plurality/majority
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 8/14/2024 to 8/19/2024
percentage of women in chamber: 11.1%
expected date of next election: August 2028
Judicial branch
highest court(s): High Court (consists of a chief justice and other judges as prescribed by the president)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president on the advice of the cabinet in consultation with the Public Service Commission (PSC); other judges appointed by the president on the advice of the chief justice along with the PSC
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; magistrates' courts
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president on the advice of the cabinet in consultation with the Public Service Commission (PSC); other judges appointed by the president on the advice of the chief justice along with the PSC
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; magistrates' courts
Political parties
Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party or BKM
Kiribati Moa Party or KMP
Kamanoan Kiribati Party or KKP
Tobwaan Kiribati Party or TKP
Kiribati Moa Party or KMP
Kamanoan Kiribati Party or KKP
Tobwaan Kiribati Party or TKP
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Teburoro TITO (since 24 January 2018); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN
chancery: 685 Third Avenue, Suite 1109, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 867-3310
FAX: [1] (212) 867-3320
email address and website: Kimission.newyork@mfa.gov.ki
Reference: 2018chancery: 685 Third Avenue, Suite 1109, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 867-3310
FAX: [1] (212) 867-3320
email address and website: Kimission.newyork@mfa.gov.ki
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 6 December 2022); note - Ambassador DAMOUR is based in the US Embassy in the Republic of Fiji and is accredited to Kiribati as well as Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
note: Note: the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati but has announced its intention to open an embassy
Reference: 2022note: Note: the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati but has announced its intention to open an embassy
International organization participation
ABEDA, ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
Independence
12 July 1979 (from the UK)
Reference: 1979National holiday
Independence Day, 12 July (1979)
Reference: 1979Flag
description: the upper half is red with a yellow frigatebird flying over a yellow rising sun, and the lower half is blue with three wavy horizontal white stripes to represent the Pacific Ocean
meaning: the white stripes represent the Gilbert, Line, and Phoenix island groups; the 17 rays of the sun represent the 16 Gilbert Islands and Banaba (formerly Ocean Island); the frigatebird symbolizes authority and freedom
meaning: the white stripes represent the Gilbert, Line, and Phoenix island groups; the 17 rays of the sun represent the 16 Gilbert Islands and Banaba (formerly Ocean Island); the frigatebird symbolizes authority and freedom
National symbol(s)
frigatebird
National color(s)
red, white, blue, yellow
National anthem(s)
title: "Teirake kaini Kiribati" (Stand Up, Kiribati)
lyrics/music: Urium Tamuera IOTEBA
history: adopted 1979
Reference: 1979lyrics/music: Urium Tamuera IOTEBA
history: adopted 1979
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (natural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Phoenix Islands Protected Area
selected World Heritage Site locales: Phoenix Islands Protected Area
Government & Official Links
| Institution | Official website | X / Twitter | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kiribati official website | Official website | — | Reported · source Checked September 20, 2026 |
Institutional accounts only; personal accounts of political office-holders are excluded.
Legislature & Elections
Legislature
| Name | Chamber | Seats | Electoral system |
|---|---|---|---|
| House of Assembly of Kiribati | — | 45 | — |
Economy
Economic overview
lower-middle income, Pacific island economy; environmentally fragile; sizable remittances; key phosphate mining fund; tourism and fishing industries; public sector-dominated economy; recent withdrawal from Pacific Islands Forum; ongoing constitutional crisis
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $438.143 million (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $416.221 million (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $405.468 million (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $416.221 million (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $405.468 million (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2024: $3,300 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $3,100 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $3,100 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP per capita 2023: $3,100 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $3,100 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 27.8% (2022 est.)
industry: 9.9% (2022 est.)
services: 65.7% (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022industry: 9.9% (2022 est.)
services: 65.7% (2022 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 101.2% (2022 est.)
government consumption: 61.7% (2022 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 19.1% (2022 est.)
investment in inventories: 1.3% (2022 est.)
exports of goods and services: 7.6% (2022 est.)
imports of goods and services: -100.5% (2022 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Reference: 2022government consumption: 61.7% (2022 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 19.1% (2022 est.)
investment in inventories: 1.3% (2022 est.)
exports of goods and services: 7.6% (2022 est.)
imports of goods and services: -100.5% (2022 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Agricultural products
coconuts, bananas, vegetables, taro, tropical fruits, pork, chicken, nuts, eggs, pork offal (2023)
note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Reference: 2023note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Industries
fishing, handicrafts
Industrial production growth rate
-6.2% (2022 est.)
note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Reference: 2022note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Population below poverty line
21.9% (2019 est.)
note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Reference: 2019note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019: 27.8 (2019 est.)
note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Reference: 2019note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 4% (2019 est.)
highest 10%: 22.8% (2019 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Reference: 2019highest 10%: 22.8% (2019 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Remittances
Remittances 2023: 4% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 10.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 4.7% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Remittances 2022: 10.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 4.7% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Budget
revenues: $260.557 million (2023 est.)
expenditures: $264.736 million (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Reference: 2023expenditures: $264.736 million (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Public debt
Public debt 2016: 22.9% of GDP (2016 est.)
Reference: 2016Taxes and other revenues
17.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Reference: 2023note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Current account balance
Current account balance 2023: -$5.117 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: -$32.523 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $20.251 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Current account balance 2022: -$32.523 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $20.251 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2023: $17.099 million (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $20.58 million (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $10.754 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Exports 2022: $20.58 million (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $10.754 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
Thailand 85%, Japan 6%, Philippines 3%, UAE 2%, Fiji 1% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
fish, coconut oil (2023)
note: note: top export commodities based on value in dollars over $500,000
Reference: 2023note: note: top export commodities based on value in dollars over $500,000
Imports
Imports 2023: $293.624 million (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $272.004 million (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $201.984 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Imports 2022: $272.004 million (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $201.984 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
China 24%, Australia 20%, Fiji 15%, Japan 7%, NZ 6% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
ships, centrifuges, refined petroleum, rice, raw sugar (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Exchange rates
Currency: Australian dollars (AUD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024: 1.515 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 1.505 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 1.442 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 1.331 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 1.453 (2020 est.)
note: note: the Australian dollar circulates as legal tender
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Exchange rates 2024: 1.515 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 1.505 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 1.442 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 1.331 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 1.453 (2020 est.)
note: note: the Australian dollar circulates as legal tender
Trade
Current account balance
Current account balance 2023: -$5.117 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: -$32.523 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $20.251 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Current account balance 2022: -$32.523 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $20.251 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2023: $17.099 million (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $20.58 million (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $10.754 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Exports 2022: $20.58 million (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $10.754 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
Thailand 85%, Japan 6%, Philippines 3%, UAE 2%, Fiji 1% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
fish, coconut oil (2023)
note: note: top export commodities based on value in dollars over $500,000
Reference: 2023note: note: top export commodities based on value in dollars over $500,000
Imports
Imports 2023: $293.624 million (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $272.004 million (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $201.984 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Imports 2022: $272.004 million (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $201.984 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
China 24%, Australia 20%, Fiji 15%, Japan 7%, NZ 6% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
ships, centrifuges, refined petroleum, rice, raw sugar (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Energy & Resources
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 12,000 kW (2023 est.)
consumption: 27.388 million kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 5 million kWh (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023consumption: 27.388 million kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 5 million kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 81.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar: 18.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023solar: 18.5% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 500 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Energy consumption per capita
Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 8.578 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Infrastructure
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 0 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2023 est.) less than 1
Reference: 2023subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2023 est.) less than 1
Health
Maternal mortality ratio
80 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 14.8% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 9.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 9.7% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
0.2 physicians/1,000 population (2013)
Reference: 2013Hospital bed density
1.9 beds/1,000 population (2016 est.)
Reference: 2016Obesity - adult prevalence rate
46% (2016)
Reference: 2016Tobacco use
total: 35.4% (2025 est.)
male: 48.4% (2025 est.)
female: 23.6% (2025 est.)
male: 48.4% (2025 est.)
female: 23.6% (2025 est.)
Education
Rights, Freedoms & Society
LGBTQ+ Rights & Law
Concrete legal-status fields only; Knelstrom does not generate an LGBTQ rights score or country ranking.
Source: Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory (CC BY-SA 4.0). Community-edited legal-status summary; retrieved by Knelstrom and not legal advice.
Crime & Justice
Legal system
English common law supplemented by customary law
Judicial branch
highest court(s): High Court (consists of a chief justice and other judges as prescribed by the president)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president on the advice of the cabinet in consultation with the Public Service Commission (PSC); other judges appointed by the president on the advice of the chief justice along with the PSC
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; magistrates' courts
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president on the advice of the cabinet in consultation with the Public Service Commission (PSC); other judges appointed by the president on the advice of the chief justice along with the PSC
subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; magistrates' courts
Military & Security
Military and security forces
Kiribati Police Service (includes Maritime Police) (2025)
Military - note
Australia, NZ, and the US have provided security assistance; Kiribati has a "ship rider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Kiribati's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; ship rider agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
International Relations
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Teburoro TITO (since 24 January 2018); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN
chancery: 685 Third Avenue, Suite 1109, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 867-3310
FAX: [1] (212) 867-3320
email address and website: Kimission.newyork@mfa.gov.ki
Reference: 2018chancery: 685 Third Avenue, Suite 1109, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 867-3310
FAX: [1] (212) 867-3320
email address and website: Kimission.newyork@mfa.gov.ki
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 6 December 2022); note - Ambassador DAMOUR is based in the US Embassy in the Republic of Fiji and is accredited to Kiribati as well as Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
note: Note: the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati but has announced its intention to open an embassy
Reference: 2022note: Note: the US does not have an embassy in Kiribati but has announced its intention to open an embassy
International organization participation
ABEDA, ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
Treaties & Organisations
| Organisation | Status | Joined |
|---|---|---|
| Commonwealth of Nations (Commonwealth) | member | 1979-07-12 |
| United Nations (UN) | member | 1999-09-14 |
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
International organization participation
ABEDA, ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IOC, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), OPCW, PIF, Sparteca, SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDP, UNESCO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO
Transportation & Logistics
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
T3
Airports
21 (2025)
Merchant marine
total: 74 (2023)
by type: bulk carrier 2, general cargo 24, oil tanker 11, other 37
Reference: 2023by type: bulk carrier 2, general cargo 24, oil tanker 11, other 37
Ports
total ports: 3 (2024)
large: 0
medium: 0
small: 0
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 0
key ports: Canton Island, English Harbor, Tarawa Atoll
Reference: 2024large: 0
medium: 0
small: 0
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 0
key ports: Canton Island, English Harbor, Tarawa Atoll
Environment
Environmental issues
heavy pollution in lagoon of south Tarawa atoll due to overcrowding mixed with traditional practices such as lagoon latrines and open-pit dumping; coastal erosion
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Climate
tropical; marine, hot and humid, moderated by trade winds
Land use
agricultural land: 42% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 39.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 1.3% (2023 est.)
other: 56.7% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2022agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 2.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 39.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 0% (2022 est.)
forest: 1.3% (2023 est.)
other: 56.7% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 57.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 2.77% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2020rate of urbanization: 2.77% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions: 81,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 81,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023from petroleum and other liquids: 81,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
8 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 35,700 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 15.4% (2022 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2022percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 15.4% (2022 est.)
Communications & Media
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 0 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2023 est.) less than 1
Reference: 2023subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: (2023 est.) less than 1
Broadcast media
multi-channel TV packages provide access to Australian and US stations; 1 government-operated radio station broadcasts on AM, FM, and shortwave (2017)
Reference: 2017Internet country code
.ki
Historical Trends
Population
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Population data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 118,478 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 120,275 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 122,084 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 123,921 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 126,099 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 128,377 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 130,469 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 132,530 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 134,518 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 136,488 | world_bank_wdi |
GDP (current US$)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View GDP (current US$) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $206,467,819 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | $223,029,865 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | $233,859,230 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | $216,891,541 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | $220,909,307 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | $285,451,584 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | $271,214,375 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | $291,657,338 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | $343,153,235 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | $349,227,254 | world_bank_wdi |
International migrant stock (immigrants)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International migrant stock (immigrants) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 3,126 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 3,302 | world_bank_wdi |
International emigrant stock
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International emigrant stock data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 3,919 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 1995 | 3,882 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2000 | 3,819 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2005 | 3,783 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2010 | 3,344 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2015 | 4,086 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2020 | 5,053 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2024 | 6,306 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
Net migration
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Net migration data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | -756 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | -750 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | -741 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | -705 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 0 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | -348 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | -395 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | -485 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | -471 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | -462 | world_bank_wdi |
Sources & Methodology
Current statistical observations include their reference period and provenance. Reference fields from approved source datasets are attributed below. Missing information is left unknown rather than inferred.
| Indicator | Value | Period | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 136,488 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| UN Population Division population estimate | 138,445 | 2026 | UN Population Division Data Portal | Estimated |
| Wikidata population (fallback) | 134,518 | 2024 | Wikidata | Reported |
| International migrant stock (immigrants) | 3,302 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International migrant stock | 2.5% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International emigrant stock | 6,306 | 2024 | UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 | Estimated |
| Net migration | -462 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Refugees from this country | 5 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Asylum seekers from this country | 52 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Same-sex sexual activity | No Male illegal since 1943; Penalty: 5-14 years imprisonment (Not enforced, Legalization proposed).; Yes Female legal | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Recognition of same-sex relationships | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex marriage | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex adoption | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Open military service | Has no military | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law | Yes Bans some anti-gay discrimination | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Gender identity / expression law | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| GDP (current US$) | $349,227,254 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | $2,559 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP growth | 4.2% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Inflation, consumer prices | 2.5% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Income level | Lower middle income | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Life expectancy at birth | 66.6 years | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fertility rate | 3.1 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Urban population | 63.4% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Individuals using the Internet | 89.4% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Exports of goods and services | 4.5% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Imports of goods and services | 97.6% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Trade | 102.1% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Adult literacy rate | 98.6% | 2020 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secondary school enrolment, gross | 90.3% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Government education expenditure | 16.4% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Access to electricity | 97.7% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Renewable energy consumption | 41.9% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Current health expenditure | 10.9% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Infant mortality rate | 38.8 per 1,000 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Forest area | 1.5% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions | 53.5 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions | 0.0 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secure Internet servers | 22 per million | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude | 1.3291° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Longitude | 172.9790° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude (Wikidata) | 1.4667° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Longitude (Wikidata) | 173.0333° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Time zone | UTC+12:00, UTC+13:00, UTC+14:00, Pacific/Tarawa, Pacific/Kanton, Pacific/Kiritimati | current | Wikidata | Reported |
Data attribution
Credits below are generated from sources actually used by this country profile. Source-specific terms take precedence.
- CIA World Factbook, final 2025 country profile (structured via factbook.json). Accessed September 20, 2026. U.S. Government public-domain data; retained as a reference source where a newer approved field is not available. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024; data access/processing via Our World in Data. Accessed September 20, 2026. Underlying UN dataset used under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects (WPP indicator 49) Accessed September 19, 2026. Used under CC BY 3.0 IGO; current-year WPP population values are presented as estimates/projections where applicable. Source · Terms/licence
- Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem), Country-Year Dataset v16 (variables: availability) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0; V-Dem measures are expert-coded/modelled and no V-Dem endorsement is implied. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikidata structured data (CC0). Accessed September 20, 2026. Attribution is provided by Knelstrom for provenance although CC0 does not require it. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikipedia, “LGBTQ rights by country or territory” (source revision/data fields: Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Gender identity / expression law, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Open military service, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Recognition of same-sex relationships, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex adoption, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex marriage, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex sexual activity, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Knelstrom changes formatting and presents the imported material as a community-edited legal-status summary, not legal advice or a Knelstrom rights score. Source · Terms/licence
- World Bank, World Development Indicators (series: AG.LND.FRST.ZS, country_metadata, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, IT.NET.BBND.P2, IT.NET.SECR.P6, IT.NET.USER.ZS, NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS, NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS, NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS, NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, SE.ADT.LITR.ZS, SE.SEC.ENRR, SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS, SM.POP.ASYS.EO, SM.POP.NETM, SM.POP.RHCR.EO, SM.POP.TOTL, SM.POP.TOTL.ZS, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS) Accessed September 20, 2026. Data used under CC BY 4.0; Knelstrom presentation/formatting may differ from the source. Source · Terms/licence
Knelstrom does not imply endorsement by any listed data provider.
Last automated statistical refresh: 2026-09-20 02:05:16