Knelstrom Intelligence · World Factbook
Fiji
Republic of Fiji
CapitalSuva
Population933,154
GDP$6.2bn
Area18,274 km²
RegionEast Asia & Pacific
Data sources current · last checked September 20, 2026 2:10 am
Country facts
Overview
Background
Austronesians settled Fiji around 1000 B.C., followed by successive waves of Melanesians starting around the first century A.D. Fijians traded with Polynesian groups in Samoa and Tonga, and by about 900, much of Fiji was in the Tu’i Tongan Empire’s sphere of influence. The Tongan influence declined significantly by 1200, while Melanesian seafarers continued to periodically arrive in Fiji, further mixing Melanesian and Polynesian cultural traditions. The first European spotted Fiji in 1643 and by the 1800s, European merchants, missionaries, traders, and whalers frequented the islands. Rival kings and chiefs competed for power, at times aided by Europeans, and in 1865, Seru Epenisa CAKOBAU united many groups into the Confederacy of Independent Kingdoms of Viti. The arrangement proved weak, however, and in 1871 CAKOBAU formed the Kingdom of Fiji in an attempt to centralize power. Fearing a hostile takeover by a foreign power as the kingdom’s economy began to falter, CAKOBAU ceded Fiji to the UK in 1874.
The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. After two coups in 1987, a new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Josaia Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and retained the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible. BAINIMARAMA's party lost control of the prime minister position after elections in 2022 with former opposition leader Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA winning the office by a narrow margin.
Reference: 2022, 2018, 2014, 2007The first British governor set up a plantation-style economy and brought in more than 60,000 Indians as indentured laborers, most of whom chose to stay in Fiji rather than return to India when their contracts expired. In the early 1900s, society was divided along ethnic lines, with iTaukei (indigenous Fijians), Europeans, and Indo-Fijians living in separate areas and maintaining their own languages and traditions. ITaukei fears of an Indo-Fijian takeover of government delayed independence through the 1960s; Fiji achieved independence in 1970 with agreements to allocate parliamentary seats by ethnic groups. After two coups in 1987, a new constitution in 1990 cemented iTaukei control of politics, leading thousands of Indo-Fijians to leave. A reformed constitution in 1997 was more equitable and led to the election of an Indo-Fijian prime minister in 1999, who was ousted in a coup the following year. In 2005, the new prime minister put forward a bill that would grant pardons to the coup perpetrators, leading Josaia Voreqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA to launch a coup in 2006. BAINIMARAMA appointed himself prime minister in 2007 and retained the position after elections in 2014 and 2018 that international observers deemed credible. BAINIMARAMA's party lost control of the prime minister position after elections in 2022 with former opposition leader Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA winning the office by a narrow margin.
Geography
Location
Oceania, island group in the South Pacific Ocean, about two-thirds of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand
Map references
Oceania
Area
total: 18,274 sq km
land: 18,274 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 18,274 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative
slightly smaller than New Jersey
Land boundaries
total: 0 km
Coastline
1,129 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
note: note: measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation
note: note: measured from claimed archipelagic straight baselines
Climate
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Terrain
mostly mountains of volcanic origin
Elevation
highest point: Tomanivi 1,324 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m
Natural resources
timber, fish, gold, copper, offshore oil potential, hydropower
Land use
agricultural land: 17.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)
forest: 61.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.2% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)
forest: 61.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.2% (2023 est.)
Irrigated land
40 sq km (2012)
Reference: 2012Population distribution
approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
Natural hazards
cyclonic storms can occur from November to January
Geography - note
consists of 332 islands, approximately 110 of which are inhabited, and more than 500 islets
Population & Society
Nationality
noun: Fijian(s)
adjective: Fijian
adjective: Fijian
Ethnic groups
iTaukei 56.8% (predominantly Melanesian with a Polynesian admixture), Indo-Fijian 37.5%, Rotuman 1.2%, other 4.5% (European, part European, other Pacific Islanders, Chinese) (2007 est.)
note: note: a 2010 law replaces 'Fijian' with 'iTaukei' when referring to the original and native settlers of Fiji
Reference: 2010, 2007note: note: a 2010 law replaces 'Fijian' with 'iTaukei' when referring to the original and native settlers of Fiji
Languages
English (official), iTaukei (official), Fiji Hindi (official)
Religions
Protestant 45% (Methodist 34.6%, Assembly of God 5.7%, Seventh Day Adventist 3.9%, and Anglican 0.8%), Hindu 27.9%, other Christian 10.4%, Roman Catholic 9.1%, Muslim 6.3%, Sikh 0.3%, other 0.3%, none 0.8% (2007 est.)
Reference: 2007Age structure
0-14 years: 24.7% (male 119,910/female 114,904)
15-64 years: 66.4% (male 323,339/female 308,921)
65 years and over: 8.9% (2024 est.) (male 39,055/female 45,482)
Reference: 202415-64 years: 66.4% (male 323,339/female 308,921)
65 years and over: 8.9% (2024 est.) (male 39,055/female 45,482)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 50.5 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 37.1 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 13.4 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 7.5 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024youth dependency ratio: 37.1 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 13.4 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 7.5 (2024 est.)
Median age
total: 31.6 years (2024 est.)
male: 31.4 years
female: 31.8 years
Reference: 2024male: 31.4 years
female: 31.8 years
Population growth rate
0.4% (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Birth rate
15.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Death rate
6.5 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Population distribution
approximately 70% of the population lives on the island of Viti Levu; roughly half of the population lives in urban areas
Major urban areas - population
178,000 SUVA (capital) (2018)
Reference: 2018Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Reference: 20240-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
total population: 1.03 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
30 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Gross reproduction rate
1.08 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Drinking water source
improved: urban: urban: 98.7% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 91.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 95.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 1.3% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 8.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 4.5% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 91.1% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 95.5% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 1.3% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 8.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 4.5% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 5.4% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
0.81 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Reference: 2015Hospital bed density
1.9 beds/1,000 population (2017 est.)
Reference: 2017Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
30.2% (2016)
Reference: 2016Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 2.71 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 1.64 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.79 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019beer: 1.64 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.79 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 26.8% (2025 est.)
male: 40.8% (2025 est.)
female: 12.9% (2025 est.)
male: 40.8% (2025 est.)
female: 12.9% (2025 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
4.6% (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021Currently married women (ages 15-49)
58.8% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Child marriage
women married by age 15: 0.2% (2021)
women married by age 18: 4% (2021)
men married by age 18: 1.7% (2021)
Reference: 2021women married by age 18: 4% (2021)
men married by age 18: 1.7% (2021)
Literacy
female: 92.4% (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021Migration & Displacement
Immigrant/emigrant stock measures the number of international migrants resident in, or originating from, the country; it is not the same as annual immigration/emigration flows.
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 25 (2024 est.)
IDPs: 259 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024IDPs: 259 (2024 est.)
Government & Politics
| Office | Holder | Affiliation | From | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head of government | Sitiveni Rabuka | — | 2022-12-24 | Current | Reported |
| Head of state | Wiliame Katonivere | — | 2021-11-12 | Current | Reported |
Country name
conventional long form: Republic of Fiji
conventional short form: Fiji
local long form: Republic of Fiji (English)/ Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian)
local short form: Fiji (English)/ Viti (Fijian)
etymology: the Fijians called their home Viti, but the neighboring Tongans called it Fisi; in the Anglicized spelling of the Tongan pronunciation -- promulgated by explorer Captain James COOK -- the designation became Fiji
conventional short form: Fiji
local long form: Republic of Fiji (English)/ Matanitu ko Viti (Fijian)
local short form: Fiji (English)/ Viti (Fijian)
etymology: the Fijians called their home Viti, but the neighboring Tongans called it Fisi; in the Anglicized spelling of the Tongan pronunciation -- promulgated by explorer Captain James COOK -- the designation became Fiji
Government type
parliamentary republic
Capital
name: Suva (on Viti Levu)
geographic coordinates: 18 08 S, 178 25 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name means "little hill" in the native Fijian language and may refer to a mound where a temple once stood
geographic coordinates: 18 08 S, 178 25 E
time difference: UTC+12 (17 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name means "little hill" in the native Fijian language and may refer to a mound where a temple once stood
Administrative divisions
14 provinces and 1 dependency*; Ba, Bua, Cakaudrove, Kadavu, Lau, Lomaiviti, Macuata, Nadroga and Navosa, Naitasiri, Namosi, Ra, Rewa, Rotuma*, Serua, Tailevu
Legal system
common law system based on the English model
Constitution
history: several previous; latest signed into law 6 September 2013
amendment process: proposed as a bill by Parliament and supported by at least three quarters of its members, followed by referral to the president and then to the Electoral Commission, which conducts a referendum; passage requires approval by at least three-quarters of registered voters and assent by the president
Reference: 2013amendment process: proposed as a bill by Parliament and supported by at least three quarters of its members, followed by referral to the president and then to the Electoral Commission, which conducts a referendum; passage requires approval by at least three-quarters of registered voters and assent by the president
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Fiji
dual citizenship recognized: yes
residency requirement for naturalization: at least 5 years residency out of the 10 years preceding application
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: President Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU (since 12 November 2024)
head of government: Prime Minister Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA (since 24 December 2022)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament
election/appointment process: president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister endorsed by the president
most recent election date: 31 October 2024
election results: 2024: Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU elected president (People's Alliance) 35 votes, Meli Tora TAVAIQIA (Fiji First) 14 votes
2021: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE elected president; Wiliame KATONIVERE (People's Alliance) 28 votes, Teimumu KEPA (SODELPA) 23 votes
expected date of next election: 2027
Reference: 2027, 2024, 2022, 2021head of government: Prime Minister Sitiveni Ligamamada RABUKA (since 24 December 2022)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among members of Parliament and is responsible to Parliament
election/appointment process: president elected by Parliament for a 3-year term (eligible for a second term); prime minister endorsed by the president
most recent election date: 31 October 2024
election results: 2024: Ratu Naiqama LALABALAVU elected president (People's Alliance) 35 votes, Meli Tora TAVAIQIA (Fiji First) 14 votes
2021: Ratu Wiliame KATONIVERE elected president; Wiliame KATONIVERE (People's Alliance) 28 votes, Teimumu KEPA (SODELPA) 23 votes
expected date of next election: 2027
Legislative branch
legislature name: Parliament
legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 55 (all directly elected)
electoral system: proportional representation
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 12/14/2022
parties elected and seats per party: FijiFirst (26); People's Alliance (21); National Federation Party (NFP) (5); Social Democratic Liberal Party (Soldelpa) (3)
percentage of women in chamber: 9.1%
expected date of next election: December 2026
Reference: 2026, 2022legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 55 (all directly elected)
electoral system: proportional representation
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 12/14/2022
parties elected and seats per party: FijiFirst (26); People's Alliance (21); National Federation Party (NFP) (5); Social Democratic Liberal Party (Soldelpa) (3)
percentage of women in chamber: 9.1%
expected date of next election: December 2026
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji on the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years or more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji on the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years or more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
Political parties
Fiji First
Fiji Labor Party or FLP
Freedom Alliance (formerly Fiji United Freedom Party or FUFP)
National Federation Party or NFP
People's Alliance
Peoples Democratic Party or PDP
Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA
Unity Fiji
Fiji Labor Party or FLP
Freedom Alliance (formerly Fiji United Freedom Party or FUFP)
National Federation Party or NFP
People's Alliance
Peoples Democratic Party or PDP
Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA
Unity Fiji
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Ilisoni VUIDREKETI (since 17 June 2024)
chancery: 1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (917) 208-4560
FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325
email address and website: info@FijiEmbassyDC.com
https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
Reference: 2024chancery: 1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (917) 208-4560
FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325
email address and website: info@FijiEmbassyDC.com
https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 24 November 2022); note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
embassy: 158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva
mailing address: 4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290
telephone: [679] 331-4466
FAX: [679] 330-2267
email address and website: SuvaACS@state.gov
https://fj.usembassy.gov/
Reference: 2022embassy: 158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva
mailing address: 4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290
telephone: [679] 331-4466
FAX: [679] 330-2267
email address and website: SuvaACS@state.gov
https://fj.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Independence
10 October 1970 (from the UK)
Reference: 1970National holiday
Fiji (Independence) Day, 10 October (1970)
Reference: 1970Flag
description: light blue with the UK flag in the upper-left quadrant and the Fijian shield centered on the right half of the flag; the shield shows a yellow lion holding a coconut above a white field quartered by the cross of Saint George; the four quarters depict sugarcane, a palm tree, a banana bunch, and a white dove
meaning: blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean
meaning: blue symbolizes the Pacific Ocean
National symbol(s)
Fijian canoe
National color(s)
light blue
National anthem(s)
title: "God Bless Fiji" (Let Us Show Pride)
lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)
history: adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are usually used, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics
Reference: 1970lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)
history: adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are usually used, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Levuka Historical Port Town
selected World Heritage Site locales: Levuka Historical Port Town
Government & Official Links
| Institution | Official website | X / Twitter | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fiji official website | Official website | — | Reported · source Checked September 20, 2026 |
Institutional accounts only; personal accounts of political office-holders are excluded.
Legislature & Elections
Legislature
| Name | Chamber | Seats | Electoral system |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parliament of Fiji | — | 51 | — |
Economy
Economic overview
upper-middle income, tourism-based Pacific island economy; susceptible to ocean rises; key energy and infrastructure investments; post-pandemic tourism resurgence; improved debt standing; limited workforce
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $13.1 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $12.617 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $11.734 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $12.617 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $11.734 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2024: $14,100 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $13,700 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $12,800 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP per capita 2023: $13,700 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $12,800 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 8.4% (2024 est.)
industry: 14.1% (2024 est.)
services: 56.2% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Reference: 2024industry: 14.1% (2024 est.)
services: 56.2% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 71.7% (2023 est.)
government consumption: 20.8% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 18.6% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories: 1.2% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services: 57% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services: -69.2% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Reference: 2023government consumption: 20.8% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 18.6% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories: 1.2% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services: 57% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services: -69.2% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Agricultural products
sugarcane, cassava, taro, vegetables, chicken, coconuts, eggs, ginger, milk, sweet potatoes (2023)
note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Reference: 2023note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Industries
tourism, sugar processing, clothing, copra, gold, silver, lumber
Industrial production growth rate
7.3% (2024 est.)
note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Reference: 2024note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Labor force
387,800 (2024 est.)
note: note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Reference: 2024note: note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 15.5% (2024 est.)
male: 11.8% (2024 est.)
female: 22.5% (2024 est.)
note: note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Reference: 2024male: 11.8% (2024 est.)
female: 22.5% (2024 est.)
note: note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Population below poverty line
24.1% (2019 est.)
note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Reference: 2019note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2019: 30.7 (2019 est.)
note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Reference: 2019note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 3.5% (2019 est.)
highest 10%: 24.2% (2019 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Reference: 2019highest 10%: 24.2% (2019 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Remittances
Remittances 2023: 9.2% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 9.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 9.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Remittances 2022: 9.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 9.1% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Budget
revenues: $1.345 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures: $1.562 billion (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Reference: 2023expenditures: $1.562 billion (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues and expenses (excluding grants/extrabudgetary units/social security funds) converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Public debt
Public debt 2016: 47.5% of GDP (2016 est.)
Reference: 2016Taxes and other revenues
20.7% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Reference: 2023note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP
Current account balance
Current account balance 2022: -$865.665 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: -$686.577 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: -$614.13 million (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Current account balance 2021: -$686.577 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: -$614.13 million (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2022: $2.376 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $1.171 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $1.23 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Exports 2021: $1.171 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $1.23 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
USA 32%, Australia 12%, Tonga 6%, NZ 6%, Samoa 4% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
water, fish, raw sugar, refined petroleum, garments (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2022: $3.434 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.344 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $1.977 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Imports 2021: $2.344 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $1.977 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
Singapore 25%, China 16%, Australia 15%, NZ 14%, USA 5% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, medical instruments, cars, broadcasting equipment, plastics (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024: $1.6 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $1.548 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $1.557 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $1.548 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $1.557 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Debt - external
Debt - external 2023: $1.397 billion (2023 est.)
note: note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: present value of external debt in current US dollars
Exchange rates
Currency: Fijian dollars (FJD) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024: 2.268 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 2.25 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 2.201 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 2.071 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 2.169 (2020 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Exchange rates 2024: 2.268 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 2.25 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 2.201 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 2.071 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 2.169 (2020 est.)
Trade
Current account balance
Current account balance 2022: -$865.665 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: -$686.577 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: -$614.13 million (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Current account balance 2021: -$686.577 million (2021 est.)
Current account balance 2020: -$614.13 million (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2022: $2.376 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $1.171 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $1.23 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Exports 2021: $1.171 billion (2021 est.)
Exports 2020: $1.23 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
USA 32%, Australia 12%, Tonga 6%, NZ 6%, Samoa 4% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
water, fish, raw sugar, refined petroleum, garments (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2022: $3.434 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.344 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $1.977 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Imports 2021: $2.344 billion (2021 est.)
Imports 2020: $1.977 billion (2020 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
Singapore 25%, China 16%, Australia 15%, NZ 14%, USA 5% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
refined petroleum, medical instruments, cars, broadcasting equipment, plastics (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Energy & Resources
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 427,000 kW (2023 est.)
consumption: 1.048 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 102.047 million kWh (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023consumption: 1.048 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 102.047 million kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 36.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar: 1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
wind: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity: 52.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste: 10% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023solar: 1.1% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
wind: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity: 52.3% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste: 10% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Coal
consumption: 6 metric tons (2023 est.)
imports: 2 metric tons (2022 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2022imports: 2 metric tons (2022 est.)
Petroleum
refined petroleum consumption: 10,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Energy consumption per capita
Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 25.375 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Infrastructure
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 49,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2022 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 992,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2021 est.)
Health
Maternal mortality ratio
30 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 5.4% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 10.3% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
0.81 physicians/1,000 population (2015)
Reference: 2015Hospital bed density
1.9 beds/1,000 population (2017 est.)
Reference: 2017Obesity - adult prevalence rate
30.2% (2016)
Reference: 2016Tobacco use
total: 26.8% (2025 est.)
male: 40.8% (2025 est.)
female: 12.9% (2025 est.)
male: 40.8% (2025 est.)
female: 12.9% (2025 est.)
Education
Literacy
female: 92.4% (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021Rights, Freedoms & Society
Press & Media Freedom
V-Dem expert-coded/modelled source measures. Knelstrom does not create a press-freedom ranking or composite score.
LGBTQ+ Rights & Law
Concrete legal-status fields only; Knelstrom does not generate an LGBTQ rights score or country ranking.
Source: Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory (CC BY-SA 4.0). Community-edited legal-status summary; retrieved by Knelstrom and not legal advice.
Crime & Justice
Legal system
common law system based on the English model
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, all justices of the Court of Appeal, and judges appointed specifically as Supreme Court judges); Court of Appeal (consists of the court president, all puisne judges of the High Court, and judges specifically appointed to the Court of Appeal); High Court (chaired by the chief justice and includes a minimum of 10 puisne judges; High Court organized into civil, criminal, family, employment, and tax divisions)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji on the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years or more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
judge selection and term of office: chief justice appointed by the president of Fiji on the advice of the prime minister following consultation with the parliamentary leader of the opposition; judges of the Supreme Court, the president of the Court of Appeal, the justices of the Court of Appeal, and puisne judges of the High Court appointed by the president of Fiji on the nomination of the Judicial Service Commission after consulting with the cabinet minister and the House of Representatives committee responsible for the administration of justice; the chief justice, Supreme Court judges, and justices of Appeal generally required to retire at age 70, but this requirement may be waived for one or more sessions of the court; puisne judges appointed for not less than 4 years or more than 7 years, with mandatory retirement at age 65
subordinate courts: Magistrates' Court (organized into civil, criminal, juvenile, and small claims divisions)
Military & Security
Military and security forces
Republic of Fiji Military Forces (RFMF): Land Force, Republic of Fiji Navy (2025)
Military expenditures
Military Expenditures 2024: 1.4% of GDP (2024 est.)
Military Expenditures 2023: 1.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military Expenditures 2022: 1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021: 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2020: 1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Military Expenditures 2023: 1.1% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military Expenditures 2022: 1.2% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021: 1.5% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2020: 1.4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 4,000 active Republic of Fiji Military Forces (2025)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the RFMF is lightly armed and equipped; Australia has provided patrol boats and a few armored personnel carriers; it also provides logistical support for RFMF regional or UN operations; in recent years, China and the US have provided small amounts of equipment (2025)
Military service age and obligation
18-25 years of age for voluntary military service for men and women (2024)
note: note: as of 2024, women comprised approximately 8% of the Fiji Military Forces
Reference: 2024note: note: as of 2024, women comprised approximately 8% of the Fiji Military Forces
Military deployments
170 Egypt (MFO); 160 Iraq (UNAMI); 150 Golan Heights (UNDOF) (2024)
Reference: 2024Military - note
the Fiji Military Forces (RFMF) are responsible for external security but can be assigned some domestic security responsibilities in specific circumstances; the RFMF has a history of intervening in the country’s politics, and it continues to have significant political power; it also has a tradition of participating in UN peacekeeping operations, which have offered experience and a source of financial support; Fiji has sent troops on nearly 20 such missions since first deploying personnel to South Lebanon in 1978
Fiji has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Fiji's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
Reference: 2025, 1978Fiji has a "shiprider" agreement with the US, which allows local maritime law enforcement officers to embark on US Coast Guard (USCG) and US Navy (USN) vessels, including to board and search vessels suspected of violating laws or regulations within Fiji's designated exclusive economic zone (EEZ) or on the high seas; "shiprider" agreements also enable USCG personnel and USN vessels with embarked USCG law enforcement personnel to work with host nations to protect critical regional resources (2025)
International Relations
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Ilisoni VUIDREKETI (since 17 June 2024)
chancery: 1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (917) 208-4560
FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325
email address and website: info@FijiEmbassyDC.com
https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
Reference: 2024chancery: 1707 L Street NW, Suite 200, Washington, DC 20036
telephone: [1] (917) 208-4560
FAX: [1] (202) 466-8325
email address and website: info@FijiEmbassyDC.com
https://www.fijiembassydc.com/
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Marie DAMOUR (since 24 November 2022); note - also accredited to Kiribati, Nauru, Tonga, and Tuvalu
embassy: 158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva
mailing address: 4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290
telephone: [679] 331-4466
FAX: [679] 330-2267
email address and website: SuvaACS@state.gov
https://fj.usembassy.gov/
Reference: 2022embassy: 158 Princes Road, Tamavua, Suva
mailing address: 4290 Suva Place, Washington DC 20521-4290
telephone: [679] 331-4466
FAX: [679] 330-2267
email address and website: SuvaACS@state.gov
https://fj.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Treaties & Organisations
| Organisation | Status | Joined |
|---|---|---|
| Commonwealth of Nations (Commonwealth) | member | 2014-09-00 |
| United Nations (UN) | member | 1970-10-13 |
| World Trade Organization (WTO) | member | — |
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
International organization participation
ACP, ADB, AOSIS, C, CP, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, OPCW, PCA, PIF, Sparteca (suspended), SPC, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNISFA, UNMISS, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Conflict & Security
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 25 (2024 est.)
IDPs: 259 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024IDPs: 259 (2024 est.)
Trafficking in persons
tier rating: Tier 2 Watch List — the government did not demonstrate overall increasing efforts to eliminate trafficking compared with the previous reporting period, therefore Fiji remained on Tier 2 Watch List for the second consecutive year; for more details, go to: https://www.state.gov/reports/2025-trafficking-in-persons-report/fiji/
Transportation & Logistics
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
DQ
Airports
26 (2025)
Heliports
2 (2025)
Railways
total: 597 km (2008)
narrow gauge: 597 km (2008) 0.600-m gauge
note: note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during the harvest season, which runs from May to December
Reference: 2008narrow gauge: 597 km (2008) 0.600-m gauge
note: note: belongs to the government-owned Fiji Sugar Corporation; used to haul sugarcane during the harvest season, which runs from May to December
Merchant marine
total: 74 (2023)
by type: general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49
Reference: 2023by type: general cargo 21, oil tanker 4, other 49
Ports
total ports: 5 (2024)
large: 0
medium: 0
small: 2
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 4
key ports: Lautoka Harbor, Levuka, Malai, Savusavu Bay, Suva Harbor
Reference: 2024large: 0
medium: 0
small: 2
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 4
key ports: Lautoka Harbor, Levuka, Malai, Savusavu Bay, Suva Harbor
Environment
Environmental issues
air pollution from waste incineration and vehicle emissions; deforestation and soil erosion; soil erosion from clearing land by bush burning
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Reference: 2006signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Climate
tropical marine; only slight seasonal temperature variation
Land use
agricultural land: 17.1% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)
forest: 61.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.2% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 4.2% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 3.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 9.5% (2023 est.)
forest: 61.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.2% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 58.7% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2020rate of urbanization: 1.37% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions: 1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke: 12 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023from coal and metallurgical coke: 12 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 1.432 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
8.1 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 189,400 tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 16.1% (2022 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2022percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 16.1% (2022 est.)
Total water withdrawal
municipal: 25.3 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial: 9.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural: 50 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022industrial: 9.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural: 50 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Total renewable water resources
28.55 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022Communications & Media
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 49,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 4 (2022 est.)
Telephones - mobile cellular
total subscriptions: 992,000 (2021 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2021 est.)
Reference: 2021subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 107 (2021 est.)
Broadcast media
Fiji TV, a publicly traded company, operates a free-to-air channel; Digicel Fiji operates the Sky Fiji and Sky Pacific multi-channel pay-TV services; state-owned commercial company, Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Ltd, operates 6 radio stations, including 2 public broadcasters and 4 commercial broadcasters with multiple repeaters; 5 radio stations with repeaters operated by Communications Fiji, Ltd; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available
Internet country code
.fj
Historical Trends
Population
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Population data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 919,166 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 918,759 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 917,180 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 914,899 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 914,963 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 916,711 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 919,422 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 924,145 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 928,784 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 933,154 | world_bank_wdi |
GDP (current US$)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View GDP (current US$) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $4,930,213,644 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | $5,353,469,174 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | $5,581,425,327 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | $5,344,907,153 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | $4,227,719,873 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | $4,158,873,156 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | $4,977,861,886 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | $5,476,673,518 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | $5,968,125,909 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | $6,198,013,062 | world_bank_wdi |
International migrant stock (immigrants)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International migrant stock (immigrants) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 14,087 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 14,362 | world_bank_wdi |
International emigrant stock
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International emigrant stock data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 65,039 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 1995 | 78,323 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2000 | 95,570 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2005 | 117,629 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2010 | 138,607 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2015 | 158,026 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2020 | 169,411 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2024 | 181,025 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
Net migration
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Net migration data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | -10,441 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | -11,607 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | -11,738 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | -11,873 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | -6,008 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | -6,008 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | -3,557 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | -3,289 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | -3,278 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | -3,288 | world_bank_wdi |
Sources & Methodology
Current statistical observations include their reference period and provenance. Reference fields from approved source datasets are attributed below. Missing information is left unknown rather than inferred.
| Indicator | Value | Period | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 933,154 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| UN Population Division population estimate | 937,282 | 2026 | UN Population Division Data Portal | Estimated |
| Wikidata population (fallback) | 926,276 | 2018 | Wikidata | Reported |
| International migrant stock (immigrants) | 14,362 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International migrant stock | 1.5% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International emigrant stock | 181,025 | 2024 | UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 | Estimated |
| Net migration | -3,288 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Refugees from this country | 343 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Asylum seekers from this country | 2,058 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Freedom of expression & alternative information index | 0.724 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Government censorship effort — media | 0.549 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Harassment of journalists | 0.268 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Print/broadcast media critical of government | 1.245 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Range of perspectives in major media | 1.316 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Media bias | 0.522 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Media self-censorship | 0.418 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Same-sex sexual activity | Yes Legal since 2010; + UN decl. sign. | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Recognition of same-sex relationships | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex marriage | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex adoption | No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law | Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination; Pathologization or attempted treatment of sexual orientation by mental health professionals illegal since 2010 | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| GDP (current US$) | $6,198,013,062 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | $6,642 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP growth | 3.2% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Inflation, consumer prices | -1.4% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Unemployment | 5.3% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Income level | Upper middle income | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Life expectancy at birth | 67.5 years | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fertility rate | 2.3 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Urban population | 59.5% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Individuals using the Internet | 74.7% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Exports of goods and services | 54.4% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Imports of goods and services | 64.6% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Trade | 119.0% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secondary school enrolment, gross | 98.1% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Government education expenditure | 4.2% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Access to electricity | 95.9% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Renewable energy consumption | 28.4% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Current health expenditure | 3.6% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Infant mortality rate | 23.5 per 1,000 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Forest area | 63.5% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions | 1.8 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secure Internet servers | 222 per million | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude | -18.1149° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Longitude | 178.3990° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude (Wikidata) | -18.0000° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Longitude (Wikidata) | 178.0000° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Time zone | UTC+12:00, Pacific/Fiji | current | Wikidata | Reported |
Data attribution
Credits below are generated from sources actually used by this country profile. Source-specific terms take precedence.
- CIA World Factbook, final 2025 country profile (structured via factbook.json). Accessed September 20, 2026. U.S. Government public-domain data; retained as a reference source where a newer approved field is not available. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024; data access/processing via Our World in Data. Accessed September 20, 2026. Underlying UN dataset used under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects (WPP indicator 49) Accessed September 19, 2026. Used under CC BY 3.0 IGO; current-year WPP population values are presented as estimates/projections where applicable. Source · Terms/licence
- Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem), Country-Year Dataset v16 (variables: v2mebias, v2mecenefm, v2mecrit, v2meharjrn, v2merange, v2meslfcen, v2x_freexp_altinf) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0; V-Dem measures are expert-coded/modelled and no V-Dem endorsement is implied. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikidata structured data (CC0). Accessed September 20, 2026. Attribution is provided by Knelstrom for provenance although CC0 does not require it. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikipedia, “LGBTQ rights by country or territory” (source revision/data fields: Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Recognition of same-sex relationships, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex adoption, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex marriage, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex sexual activity, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Knelstrom changes formatting and presents the imported material as a community-edited legal-status summary, not legal advice or a Knelstrom rights score. Source · Terms/licence
- World Bank, World Development Indicators (series: AG.LND.FRST.ZS, country_metadata, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, IT.NET.BBND.P2, IT.NET.SECR.P6, IT.NET.USER.ZS, NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS, NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS, NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS, NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, SE.SEC.ENRR, SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS, SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS, SM.POP.ASYS.EO, SM.POP.NETM, SM.POP.RHCR.EO, SM.POP.TOTL, SM.POP.TOTL.ZS, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS) Accessed September 20, 2026. Data used under CC BY 4.0; Knelstrom presentation/formatting may differ from the source. Source · Terms/licence
Knelstrom does not imply endorsement by any listed data provider.
Last automated statistical refresh: 2026-09-20 02:05:15