Knelstrom Intelligence · World Factbook

Austria

Österreich

AT / AUTeurope

CapitalVienna

Population9,208,163

GDP$579.5bn

Area83,879 km²

RegionEurope & Central Asia

Data sources current · last checked September 20, 2026 2:10 am

Country facts

Official nameÖsterreich

CapitalVienna

Area83,879 km²

Official language(s)German, Austrian Sign Language

Calling code+43

RegionEurope & Central Asia

Income levelHigh income

Form of governmentfederal parliamentary republic, semi-presidential system, republic

Time zoneUTC+01:00

Overview

Population9,208,1632025 · Verified

UN Population Division population estimate9,107,2662026 · Estimated

GDP (current US$)$579,470,021,0952025 · Verified

GDP per capita (current US$)$62,9302025 · Verified

GDP growth0.6%2025 · Verified

Inflation, consumer prices3.5%2025 · Verified

Unemployment5.6%2025 · Verified

Background

Once the center of power for the large Austro-Hungarian Empire, Austria was reduced to a small republic after its defeat in World War I. Nazi Germany annexed Austria in 1938, and the victorious Allies then occupied the country in 1945. As a result, Austria's status remained unclear for a decade after World War II, until a State Treaty signed in 1955 ended the occupation, recognized Austria's independence, and forbade unification with Germany. A constitutional law that same year declared the country's "perpetual neutrality" as a condition for Soviet military withdrawal. Austria joined the EU in 1995, but the obligation to remain neutral kept it from joining NATO, although the country became a member of NATO's Partnership for Peace program in 1995. Austria entered the EU Economic and Monetary Union in 1999.

Reference: 1999, 1995, 1955, 1945

Geography

Latitude48.2201°current · Verified

Longitude16.3798°current · Verified

Location

Central Europe, north of Italy and Slovenia

Map references

Europe

Area

total: 83,871 sq km
land: 82,445 sq km
water: 1,426 sq km

Area - comparative

about the size of South Carolina; slightly more than two-thirds the size of Pennsylvania

Land boundaries

total: 2,524 km
border countries: Czech Republic 402 km; Germany 801 km; Hungary 321 km; Italy 404 km; Liechtenstein 34 km; Slovakia 105 km; Slovenia 299 km; Switzerland 158 km

Coastline

0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims

none (landlocked)

Climate

temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers

Terrain

mostly mountains (Alps) in the west and south; mostly flat or gently sloping along the eastern and northern margins

Elevation

highest point: Grossglockner 3,798 m
lowest point: Neusiedler See 115 m
mean elevation: 910 m

Natural resources

oil, coal, lignite, timber, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, magnesite, tungsten, graphite, salt, hydropower

Land use

agricultural land: 31.5% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 16% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 14.7% (2023 est.)
forest: 47.2% (2023 est.)
other: 20.9% (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Irrigated land

382 sq km (2016)

Reference: 2016

Major lakes (area sq km)

fresh water lake(s): Lake Constance (shared with Switzerland and Germany) - 540 sq km

Major rivers (by length in km)

Donau (Danube) (shared with Germany [s], Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km
note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth

Major watersheds (area sq km)

Atlantic Ocean drainage: Rhine-Maas (198,735 sq km), (Black Sea) Danube (795,656 sq km)

Population distribution

the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two thirds of the populace lives in urban areas

Natural hazards

landslides; avalanches; earthquakes

Geography - note

note 1: landlocked; strategic location at the crossroads of central Europe with many easily traversable Alpine passes and valleys; major river is the Danube; population is concentrated on eastern lowlands because of steep slopes, poor soils, and low temperatures elsewhere
note 2: the world's largest and longest ice cave system at 42 km (26 mi) is the Eisriesenwelt (Ice Giants World) inside the Hochkogel mountain near Werfen, about 40 km south of Salzburg; ice caves are bedrock caves that contain year-round ice formations; they differ from glacial caves, which are transient and are formed by melting ice and flowing water within and under glaciers

Population & Society

Population9,208,1632025 · Verified

UN Population Division population estimate9,107,2662026 · Estimated

Fertility rate1.32024 · Verified

Urban population69.7%2025 · Verified

Nationality

noun: Austrian(s)
adjective: Austrian

Ethnic groups

Austrian 80.8%, German 2.6%, Bosnian and Herzegovinian 1.9%, Turkish 1.8%, Serbian 1.6%, Romanian 1.3%, other 10% (2018 est.)
note: note: data represent population by country of birth

Reference: 2018

Languages

Languages: German (official nationwide) 88.6%, Turkish 2.3%, Serbian 2.2%, Croatian (official in Burgenland) 1.6%, other (includes Slovene, official in southern Carinthia, and Hungarian, official in Burgenland) 5.3% (2001 est.)
major-language sample(s): Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Reference: 2001

Religions

Roman Catholic 55.2%, Muslim 8.3%, Orthodox 4.9%, Evangelical Christian 3.8%, Jewish 0.1%, other 5.4%, none 22.4% (2021 est.)
note: note: data on Muslim is a 2016 estimate; data on other/none/unspecified are from 2012-2018 estimates

Reference: 2021, 2018, 2016, 2012

Age structure

0-14 years: 14.1% (male 648,639/female 616,334)
15-64 years: 64.7% (male 2,904,587/female 2,898,339)
65 years and over: 21.2% (2024 est.) (male 839,672/female 1,060,411)

Reference: 2024

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 53.4 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 21.7 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 31.7 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 3.2 (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Median age

total: 44.9 years (2024 est.)
male: 43.6 years
female: 46.3 years

Reference: 2024

Population growth rate

0.3% (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Birth rate

9.3 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Death rate

9.9 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Population distribution

the northern and eastern portions of the country are more densely populated; nearly two thirds of the populace lives in urban areas

Major urban areas - population

1.975 million VIENNA (capital) (2023)

Reference: 2023

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Mother's mean age at first birth

29.7 years (2020 est.)

Reference: 2020

Maternal mortality ratio

6 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Gross reproduction rate

0.74 (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Drinking water source

improved: urban: urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)

Reference: 2022

Health expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 12.1% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 16.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

Reference: 2022, 2021

Physician density

5.52 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Reference: 2023

Hospital bed density

7.1 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Reference: 2020

Sanitation facility access

Reference: 2022

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

20.1% (2016)

Reference: 2016

Alcohol consumption per capita

total: 11.9 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 6.3 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 3.7 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 1.9 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Reference: 2019

Tobacco use

total: 19.7% (2025 est.)
male: 21.1% (2025 est.)
female: 18.3% (2025 est.)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

58.7% (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 16 years (2023 est.)
male: 16 years (2023 est.)
female: 17 years (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Migration & Displacement

Immigrant/emigrant stock measures the number of international migrants resident in, or originating from, the country; it is not the same as annual immigration/emigration flows.

International migrant stock (immigrants)2,327,0642024 · Verified

International migrant stock25.5%2024 · Verified

International emigrant stock430,5602024 · Estimated

Net migration11,2542025 · Verified

Refugees from this country332025 · Verified

Asylum seekers from this country162025 · Verified

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees: 313,711 (2024 est.)
stateless persons: 3,919 (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Government & Politics

Form of governmentfederal parliamentary republic, semi-presidential system, republiccurrent · Reported

Office	Holder	Affiliation	From	Status	Evidence
Head of government	Christian Stocker	—	2025-03-03	Current	Reported
Head of state	Alexander Van der Bellen	—	2017-01-26	Current	Reported

Country name

conventional long form: Republic of Austria
conventional short form: Austria
local long form: Republik Oesterreich
local short form: Oesterreich
etymology: the name Oesterreich means "eastern realm" and dates to the 10th century; the designation refers to the fact that Austria was the easternmost extension of Bavaria and the German peoples; the word Austria is a Latinization of the German name

Capital

name: Vienna
geographic coordinates: 48 12 N, 16 22 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: the name may have evolved from the Roman name Vindobona, which was taken from the Celtic words vindo (white) and bona (fort)

Administrative divisions

9 states (Bundeslaender, singular - Bundesland); Burgenland, Kaernten (Carinthia), Niederoesterreich (Lower Austria), Oberoesterreich (Upper Austria), Salzburg, Steiermark (Styria), Tirol (Tyrol), Vorarlberg, Wien (Vienna)

Legal system

civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews legislative acts

Constitution

history: several previous; latest adopted 1 October 1920, revised 1929, replaced May 1934, replaced by German Weimar constitution in 1938 following German annexation, reinstated 1 May 1945
amendment process: proposed through laws designated "constitutional laws" or through the constitutional process if the amendment is part of another law; approval required by at least a two-thirds majority vote by the National Assembly and the presence of one-half of the members; a referendum is required only if requested by one-third of the National Council or Federal Council membership; passage by referendum requires absolute majority vote

Reference: 1945, 1938, 1934, 1929

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Citizenship

citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: at least one parent must be a citizen of Austria
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 10 years

Suffrage

16 years of age; universal

Executive branch

chief of state: President Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (since 26 January 2017)
head of government: Chancellor Christian STOCKER (since 3 March 2025)
cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the chancellor and appointed by the president
election/appointment process: president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 6-year term (eligible for a second term); chancellor appointed by the president but determined by the majority coalition parties in the Federal Assembly; vice chancellor appointed by the president on the advice of the chancellor
most recent election date: 9 October 2022
election results: 2022: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN reelected in first round; percent of vote - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent) 56.7%, Walter ROSENKRANZ (FPO) 17.7%, Dominik WLAZNY (Beer Party) 8.3%, Tassilo WALLENTIN (independent) 8.1%, Gerald GROSZ (independent) 5.6%
2016: Alexander VAN DER BELLEN elected in second round; percent of vote in first round - Norbert HOFER (FPOe) 35.1%, Alexander VAN DER BELLEN (independent, allied with the Greens) 21.3%, Irmgard GRISS (independent) 18.9%, Rudolf HUNDSTORFER (SPOe) 11.3%, Andreas KHOL (OeVP) 11.1%, Richard LUGNER (independent) 2.3%; percent of vote in second round - Alexander VAN DER BELLEN 53.8%, Norbert HOFER 46.2%
expected date of next election: 2028

Reference: 2028, 2025, 2022, 2017

Legislative branch

legislature name: Parliament (Parlament)
legislative structure: bicameral

Legislative branch - lower chamber

chamber name: National Council (Nationalrat)
number of seats: 183 (all directly elected)
electoral system: proportional representation
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 5 years
most recent election date: 9/29/2024
parties elected and seats per party: Freedom Party (FPÖ) (57); People's Party (ÖVP) (51); Social Democratic Party (SPÖ) (41); NEOS (“New Austria”) (18); Greens (16)
percentage of women in chamber: 35.5%
expected date of next election: September 2029

Reference: 2029, 2024

Legislative branch - upper chamber

chamber name: Federal Council (Bundesrat)
number of seats: 60 (all indirectly elected)
parties elected and seats per party: People's Party (OVP) (22); Social Democratic Party (SPO) (18); Freedom Party (16); Greens (3); NEOS (New Austria) (1)
percentage of women in chamber: 46.7%

Judicial branch

highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice or Oberster Gerichtshof (consists of 85 judges organized into 17 senates or panels of 5 judges each); Constitutional Court or Verfassungsgerichtshof (consists of 20 judges including 6 substitutes; Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof - 2 judges plus other members depending on the importance of the case)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by executive branch departments and appointed by the president; judges serve for life; Constitutional Court judges nominated by several executive branch departments and approved by the president; judges serve for life; Administrative Court judges recommended by executive branch departments and appointed by the president; terms of judges and members determined by the president
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal (4); Regional Courts (20); district courts (120); county courts

Political parties

Austrian People's Party or OeVP
Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe
The Greens - The Green Alternative
NEOS - The New Austria and Liberal Forum
Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe

Diplomatic representation in the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Petra SCHNEEBAUER (since 19 APRIL 2023)
chancery: 3524 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008-3035
telephone: [1] (202) 895-6700
FAX: [1] (202) 895-6750
email address and website: washington-ob@bmeia.gv.at
https://www.austria.org/
consulate(s) general: Los Angeles, New York
consulate(s): Chicago

Reference: 2023

Diplomatic representation from the US

chief of mission: Ambassador Art FISHER (since 19 November 2025)
embassy: Boltzmanngasse 16, 1090, Vienna
mailing address: 9900 Vienna Place, Washington DC 20521-9900
telephone: [43] (1) 31339 0
FAX: [43] (1) 31339 2017
email address and website: ConsulateVienna@state.gov
https://at.usembassy.gov/

Reference: 2025, 2017

International organization participation

ADB (nonregional member), AfDB (nonregional member), Australia Group, BIS, BSEC (observer), CD, CE, CEI, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECB, EIB, EMU, ESA, EU, FAO, FATF, G-9, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD (partners), ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINURSO, NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OIF (observer), OPCW, OSCE, Paris Club, PCA, PFP, Schengen Convention, SELEC (observer), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, Wassenaar Arrangement, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

Independence

no official date of independence: 976 (Margravate of Austria established); 17 September 1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 6 January 1453 (Archduchy of Austria acknowledged); 11 August 1804 (Austrian Empire proclaimed); 30 March 1867 (Austro-Hungarian dual monarchy established); 12 November 1918 (First Republic proclaimed); 27 April 1945 (Second Republic proclaimed)

Reference: 1945, 1918

National holiday

National Day (commemorates passage of the law on permanent neutrality), 26 October (1955)

Reference: 1955

Flag

description: three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red
history: one of the oldest national flags in the world; according to tradition, after a fierce battle in the Third Crusade in 1191, Duke Leopold V of Austria's white tunic became blood-spattered; when his sash was removed, a white band was revealed, and the red-white-red color combination was adopted as his banner

National symbol(s)

eagle, edelweiss, Alpine gentian

National color(s)

red, white

National anthem(s)

title: "Bundeshymne" (Federal Hymn)
lyrics/music: Paula von PRERADOVIC/Wolfgang Amadeus MOZART or Johann HOLZER (disputed)
history: adopted 1947; Austria adopted a new national anthem after World War II to replace the former imperial anthem composed by Franz Josef HAYDN, which Germany had appropriated in 1922 and was thereafter associated with the Nazi regime; the Austrian Federal Assembly adopted a gender-neutral version of the lyrics in 2012
note: note: the beloved waltz "The Blue Danube" ("An der schoenen, blauen Donau"), composed in 1866 by Johann STRAUSS II, is widely considered Austria's unofficial national anthem

Reference: 2012, 1947, 1922

National heritage

total World Heritage Sites: 12 (11 cultural, 1 natural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Historic Salzburg (c); Palace and Gardens of Schönbrunn (c); Halstadt–Dachstein/Salzkammergut Cultural Landscape (c); Semmering railway (c); Historic Graz and Schloss Eggenberg (c); Wachau Cultural Landscape (c); Historic Vienna (c); Fertő/Neusiedlersee Cultural Landscape (c); Baden bei Wien (c); Primeval Beech Forests - Dürrenstein, Kalkalpen (n)

Government & Official Links

Institution	Official website	X / Twitter	Verification
Austria official website	Official website	—	Reported · source Checked September 20, 2026

Institutional accounts only; personal accounts of political office-holders are excluded.

Legislature & Elections

Legislature

Name	Chamber	Seats	Electoral system
Austrian Parliament	—	—	—

Economy

GDP (current US$)$579,470,021,0952025 · Verified

GDP per capita (current US$)$62,9302025 · Verified

GDP growth0.6%2025 · Verified

Inflation, consumer prices3.5%2025 · Verified

Unemployment5.6%2025 · Verified

Income levelHigh incomecurrent · Verified

Economic overview

one of the strongest EU and euro economies; diversified trade portfolios and relations; enormous trade economy; Russian energy dependence, but investing in alternative energy; aging labor force but large refugee population; large government debt

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $581.131 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $588.031 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $593.701 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021

Real GDP per capita

Real GDP per capita 2024: $63,300 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $64,400 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $65,700 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 1.2% (2024 est.)
industry: 23.1% (2024 est.)
services: 65.3% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data

Reference: 2024

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 52.2% (2023 est.)
government consumption: 20.5% (2023 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 24.9% (2023 est.)
investment in inventories: 0.5% (2023 est.)
exports of goods and services: 59.5% (2023 est.)
imports of goods and services: -57.3% (2023 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection

Reference: 2023

Agricultural products

milk, sugar beets, maize, wheat, barley, potatoes, pork, grapes, triticale, soybeans (2023)
note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage

Reference: 2023

Industries

construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food, metals, chemicals, lumber and paper, electronics, tourism

Industrial production growth rate

-5.5% (2024 est.)
note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency

Reference: 2024

Labor force

4.768 million (2024 est.)
note: note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work

Reference: 2024

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 11.7% (2024 est.)
male: 11.4% (2024 est.)
female: 12% (2024 est.)
note: note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment

Reference: 2024

Population below poverty line

14.8% (2021 est.)
note: note: % of population with income below national poverty line

Reference: 2021

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2022: 30.9 (2022 est.)
note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality

Reference: 2022

Average household expenditures

on food: 10.1% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco: 3.5% of household expenditures (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 2.8% (2022 est.)
highest 10%: 24.6% (2022 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population

Reference: 2022

Remittances

Remittances 2024: 0.7% of GDP (2024 est.)
Remittances 2023: 0.6% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 0.6% of GDP (2022 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Budget

revenues: $231.132 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures: $241.516 billion (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated

Reference: 2023

Public debt

Public debt 2023: 78.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
note: note: central government debt as a % of GDP

Reference: 2023

Taxes and other revenues

25.9% (of GDP) (2023 est.)
note: note: central government tax revenue as a % of GDP

Reference: 2023

Current account balance

Current account balance 2024: $12.642 billion (2024 est.)
Current account balance 2023: $6.783 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: -$3.911 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Exports

Exports 2024: $299.366 billion (2024 est.)
Exports 2023: $303.914 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $291.804 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Exports - partners

Germany 25%, USA 9%, Italy 7%, Switzerland 5%, Hungary 4% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Reference: 2023

Exports - commodities

cars, packaged medicine, vaccines, vehicle parts/accessories, nitrogen compounds (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Reference: 2023

Imports

Imports 2024: $284.467 billion (2024 est.)
Imports 2023: $293.692 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $294.324 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Imports - partners

Germany 34%, China 7%, Italy 7%, Switzerland 5%, Czechia 4% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Reference: 2023

Imports - commodities

cars, garments, vaccines, vehicle parts/accessories, refined petroleum (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reference: 2023

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024: $35.406 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $31.212 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $33.078 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Exchange rates

Currency: euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024: 0.924 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 0.925 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 0.95 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 0.845 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 0.876 (2020 est.)

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021

Trade

Exports of goods and services54.7%2025 · Verified

Imports of goods and services52.3%2025 · Verified

Trade107.0%2025 · Verified

Current account balance

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Exports

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Exports - partners

Germany 25%, USA 9%, Italy 7%, Switzerland 5%, Hungary 4% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports

Reference: 2023

Exports - commodities

cars, packaged medicine, vaccines, vehicle parts/accessories, nitrogen compounds (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars

Reference: 2023

Imports

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022

Imports - partners

Germany 34%, China 7%, Italy 7%, Switzerland 5%, Czechia 4% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports

Reference: 2023

Imports - commodities

cars, garments, vaccines, vehicle parts/accessories, refined petroleum (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars

Reference: 2023

Energy & Resources

Access to electricity100.0%2024 · Verified

Electric power consumption7,897 kWh/person2024 · Verified

Renewable energy consumption36.0%2021 · Verified

Electricity

installed generating capacity: 33.371 million kW (2023 est.)
consumption: 64.611 billion kWh (2023 est.)
exports: 21.631 billion kWh (2023 est.)
imports: 21.55 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 3.095 billion kWh (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Electricity generation sources

fossil fuels: 14.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
solar: 9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
wind: 11.9% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
hydroelectricity: 56.4% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste: 7.8% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Coal

production: 1.288 million metric tons (2023 est.)
consumption: 5.403 million metric tons (2023 est.)
exports: 2,000 metric tons (2022 est.)
imports: 4.179 million metric tons (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023, 2022

Petroleum

total petroleum production: 18,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
refined petroleum consumption: 244,000 bbl/day (2024 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves: 35.2 million barrels (2021 est.)

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2021

Natural gas

production: 548.976 million cubic meters (2023 est.)
consumption: 6.971 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
imports: 7.084 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves: 5.04 billion cubic meters (2021 est.)

Reference: 2023, 2021

Energy consumption per capita

Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 120.211 million Btu/person (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Infrastructure

Access to electricity100.0%2024 · Verified

Fixed broadband subscriptions30.1 per 1002024 · Verified

Mobile cellular subscriptions124.5 per 1002024 · Verified

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 3.604 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Health

Life expectancy at birth82.0 years2024 · Verified

Current health expenditure11.8%2024 · Verified

Infant mortality rate2.8 per 1,0002024 · Verified

Maternal mortality ratio

6 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Health expenditure

Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 12.1% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 16.3% of national budget (2022 est.)

Reference: 2022, 2021

Physician density

5.52 physicians/1,000 population (2023)

Reference: 2023

Hospital bed density

7.1 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.)

Reference: 2020

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

20.1% (2016)

Reference: 2016

Tobacco use

total: 19.7% (2025 est.)
male: 21.1% (2025 est.)
female: 18.3% (2025 est.)

Education

Secondary school enrolment, gross100.6%2024 · Verified

Government education expenditure5.3%2022 · Verified

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 16 years (2023 est.)
male: 16 years (2023 est.)
female: 17 years (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Rights, Freedoms & Society

Press & Media Freedom

V-Dem expert-coded/modelled source measures. Knelstrom does not create a press-freedom ranking or composite score.

Freedom of expression & alternative information index0.9182025 · Estimated

Government censorship effort — media2.5062025 · Estimated

Harassment of journalists1.1032025 · Estimated

Print/broadcast media critical of government2.7492025 · Estimated

Range of perspectives in major media1.7272025 · Estimated

Media bias1.5122025 · Estimated

Media self-censorship1.1982025 · Estimated

LGBTQ+ Rights & Law

Concrete legal-status fields only; Knelstrom does not generate an LGBTQ rights score or country ranking.

Same-sex sexual activityYes Legal since 1971; equal age of consent since 2002; + UN decl. sign.Reported

Recognition of same-sex relationshipsYes Registered partnerships since 2010Reported

Same-sex marriageYes Legal since 2019Reported

Same-sex adoptionYes Stepchild adoption since 2013; joint adoption since 2016Reported

Open military serviceYes Includes transgender peopleReported

Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination lawYes Bans all anti-gay discriminationReported

Gender identity / expression lawYes Transgender people allowed to change gender without undergoing surgeryReported

Source: Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory (CC BY-SA 4.0). Community-edited legal-status summary; retrieved by Knelstrom and not legal advice.

Crime & Justice

Legal system

civil law system; Constitutional Court reviews legislative acts

Judicial branch

Military & Security

Military and security forces

Austrian Armed Forces (Bundesheer): Land Forces, Air Force, Cyber Forces, Special Operations Forces, Militia (reserves) (2025)
note: note 1: the federal police maintain internal security and report to the Ministry of the Interior
note 2: the militia is comprised of men and women who have done their basic military or training service and continue to perform a task in the armed forces; they are integrated into the military but have civilian jobs and only participate in exercises or operations; missions for the militia may include providing disaster relief, assisting security police, and protecting critical infrastructure (energy, water, etc.), as well as deployments on missions abroad

Military expenditures

Military Expenditures 2024: 1% of GDP (2024 est.)
Military Expenditures 2023: 0.9% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military Expenditures 2022: 0.7% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021: 0.8% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2020: 0.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021

Military and security service personnel strengths

approximately 22,000 active Armed Forces (includes about 14,000 regular troops and around 8,000 reservists/militia undergoing refresher training) (2025)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the military's inventory includes a mix of domestically produced and imported weapons systems from European countries and the US; the Austrian defense industry produces a range of equipment and partners with other countries (2024)

Reference: 2024

Military service age and obligation

registration requirement at age 17, the legal minimum age for voluntary military service; men above the age of 18 are subject to compulsory military service; women may volunteer; compulsory service is for 6 months, or optionally, alternative civil/community service (Zivildienst) for 9 months (2024)
note: note 1: as of 2023, women made up about 4% of the military's full-time personnel
note 2: in a January 2013 referendum, a majority of Austrians voted in favor of retaining the system of compulsory military service (with the option of alternative/non-military service) instead of switching to a professional army system

Reference: 2024, 2023, 2013

Military deployments

210 Bosnia-Herzegovina (EUFOR stabilization force); 100 Kosovo (NATO/KFOR); 160 Lebanon (UNIFIL) (2025)

Military - note

the military’s primary responsibilities are national defense and protecting Austria’s neutrality; it also has some domestic security and disaster response responsibilities; each of the nine federal states has a military command that provides a link between the military and civil authorities; the main tasks of these commands include providing military assistance during disasters and supporting security police operations
the Austrian military contributes to international peacekeeping and humanitarian missions; Austria has been constitutionally militarily non-aligned since 1955 but is an EU member and actively participates in EU peacekeeping and crisis management operations under the EU Common Security and Defense Policy; Austria is not a member of NATO but joined NATO’s Partnership for Peace framework in 1995 and participates in some NATO-led crisis management and peacekeeping operations; more than 100,000 Austrian military and civilian personnel have taken part in more than 50 international peace support and humanitarian missions since 1960 (2025)

Reference: 2025, 1995, 1960, 1955

International Relations

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

Diplomatic representation in the US

Reference: 2023

Diplomatic representation from the US

Reference: 2025, 2017

International organization participation

Treaties & Organisations

Organisation	Status	Joined
Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO)	member	1973-06-25
European Union (EU)	member	1995-01-01
OECD (OECD)	member	—
United Nations (UN)	member	1955-12-14
World Trade Organization (WTO)	member	1995-01-01

International law organization participation

accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; accepts ICCt jurisdiction

International organization participation

Conflict & Security

Refugees and internally displaced persons

refugees: 313,711 (2024 est.)
stateless persons: 3,919 (2024 est.)

Reference: 2024

Terrorist group(s)

Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS)
note: note: details about the history, aims, leadership, organization, areas of operation, tactics, targets, weapons, size, and sources of support of the group(s) appear(s) in the Terrorism reference guide

Transportation & Logistics

Civil aircraft registration country code prefix

Airports

62 (2025)

Heliports

112 (2025)

Railways

total: 6,123 km (2022) 3,523 km electrified

Reference: 2022

Merchant marine

total: 1 (2023)
by type: other 1

Reference: 2023

Environment

Forest area47.2%2023 · Verified

Renewable energy consumption36.0%2021 · Verified

Environmental issues

some forest degradation from air and soil pollution; soil pollution from agricultural chemicals; air pollution from coal- and oil-fired power stations and industrial plants, and from trucks transiting Austria; water pollution

International environmental agreements

party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Heavy Metals, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Multi-effect Protocol, Antarctic-Environmental Protection

Reference: 2006

Climate

temperate; continental, cloudy; cold winters with frequent rain and some snow in lowlands and snow in mountains; moderate summers with occasional showers

Land use

Reference: 2023

Urbanization

urban population: 59.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.68% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Reference: 2023, 2020

Carbon dioxide emissions

total emissions: 56.959 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke: 10.527 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 33.036 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas: 13.397 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Particulate matter emissions

10.3 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)

Reference: 2019

Waste and recycling

municipal solid waste generated annually: 5.22 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 36% (2022 est.)

Reference: 2024, 2022

Total water withdrawal

municipal: 34.36 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
industrial: 2.21 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)
agricultural: 124 million cubic meters (2022 est.)

Reference: 2022

Total renewable water resources

77.7 billion cubic meters (2022 est.)

Reference: 2022

Geoparks

total global geoparks and regional networks: 3
global geoparks and regional networks: Ore of the Alps; Styrian Eisenwurzen; Karawanken/Karavanke (includes Slovenia) (2023)

Reference: 2023

Communications & Media

Individuals using the Internet91.9%2025 · Verified

Mobile cellular subscriptions124.5 per 1002024 · Verified

Fixed broadband subscriptions30.1 per 1002024 · Verified

Secure Internet servers47,132 per million2024 · Verified

Telephones - fixed lines

total subscriptions: 3.604 million (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 40 (2023 est.)

Reference: 2023

Broadcast media

public broadcaster, Oesterreichischer Rundfunk (ORF), is a major player in the TV and radio markets; private broadcasters, cable, and satellite TV are available in most homes are widely used; some German stations carry programs for Austrian viewers; national and regional newspapers compete fiercely for readers; the print media are owned by a handful of mostly Austrian and German media groups (2023)

Reference: 2023