Knelstrom Intelligence · World Factbook
Andorra
CapitalAndorra la Vella
Population82,904
GDP$4.5bn
Area468 km²
RegionEurope & Central Asia
Data sources current · last checked September 20, 2026 2:10 am
Country facts
Overview
Background
The landlocked Principality of Andorra -- one of the smallest states in Europe and nestled high in the Pyrenees between the French and Spanish borders -- is the last independent survivor of the Hispanic March states created by Frankish King Charlemagne in 795 after he halted the Moorish invasion of Spain. The March states were a series of buffer states to keep the Muslim Moors from advancing into Christian France. For 715 years, from 1278 to 1993, Andorrans lived under a unique co-principality, ruled by French and Spanish leaders (from 1607 onward, the French chief of state and the Bishop of Urgell). In 1993, this feudal system was modified with the introduction of a modern constitution; the co-princes remained as titular heads of state, but the government transformed into a parliamentary democracy.
Andorra's winter sports, summer climate, and duty-free shopping attract approximately 8 million people each year. Andorra has also become a wealthy international commercial center because of its mature banking sector and low taxes. As part of the effort to modernize its economy, Andorra has opened to foreign investment and engaged in other reforms, such as tax initiatives aimed at supporting broader infrastructure. Although not a member of the EU, Andorra enjoys a special relationship with the bloc that is governed by various customs and cooperation agreements, and Andorra uses the euro as its national currency.
Reference: 1993Andorra's winter sports, summer climate, and duty-free shopping attract approximately 8 million people each year. Andorra has also become a wealthy international commercial center because of its mature banking sector and low taxes. As part of the effort to modernize its economy, Andorra has opened to foreign investment and engaged in other reforms, such as tax initiatives aimed at supporting broader infrastructure. Although not a member of the EU, Andorra enjoys a special relationship with the bloc that is governed by various customs and cooperation agreements, and Andorra uses the euro as its national currency.
Geography
Location
Southwestern Europe, Pyrenees mountains, on the border between France and Spain
Map references
Europe
Area
total: 468 sq km
land: 468 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 468 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative
2.5 times the size of Washington, D.C.
Land boundaries
total: 118 km
border countries: France 55 km; Spain 63 km
border countries: France 55 km; Spain 63 km
Coastline
0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims
none (landlocked)
Climate
temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Terrain
rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
Elevation
highest point: Pic de Coma Pedrosa 2,946 m
lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m
mean elevation: 1,996 m
lowest point: Riu Runer 840 m
mean elevation: 1,996 m
Natural resources
hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
Land use
agricultural land: 39.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.6% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 38.3% (2023 est.)
forest: 38.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.4% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.6% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 38.3% (2023 est.)
forest: 38.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.4% (2023 est.)
Irrigated land
0 sq km (2022)
Reference: 2022Population distribution
population is unevenly distributed and is concentrated in the seven urbanized valleys that make up the country's parishes (political administrative divisions)
Natural hazards
avalanches
Geography - note
landlocked; straddles a number of important crossroads in the Pyrenees
Population & Society
Nationality
noun: Andorran(s)
adjective: Andorran
adjective: Andorran
Ethnic groups
Spanish 34.3%, Andorran 32.1%, Portuguese 10%, French 5.6%, other 18% (2024 est.)
note: note: data represent population by country of birth
Reference: 2024note: note: data represent population by country of birth
Languages
Catalan (official) 44.1%, Castilian 40.3%, Portuguese 13.5%, French 10%, English 3%, other 6.8% (2022 est.)
note: note: data represent mother tongue
Reference: 2022note: note: data represent mother tongue
Religions
Christian (predominantly Roman Catholic) 89.5, other 8.8%, unaffiliated 1.7% (2020 est.)
Reference: 2020Age structure
0-14 years: 12% (male 5,276/female 4,954)
15-64 years: 67.7% (male 29,562/female 28,201)
65 years and over: 20.4% (2024 est.) (male 8,814/female 8,563)
Reference: 202415-64 years: 67.7% (male 29,562/female 28,201)
65 years and over: 20.4% (2024 est.) (male 8,814/female 8,563)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 47.8 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 17.7 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 30.1 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 3.3 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024youth dependency ratio: 17.7 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 30.1 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 3.3 (2024 est.)
Median age
total: 48.8 years (2024 est.)
male: 48.7 years
female: 48.8 years
Reference: 2024male: 48.7 years
female: 48.8 years
Population growth rate
-0.12% (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Birth rate
6.9 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Death rate
8.1 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Population distribution
population is unevenly distributed and is concentrated in the seven urbanized valleys that make up the country's parishes (political administrative divisions)
Major urban areas - population
23,000 ANDORRA LA VELLA (capital) (2018)
Reference: 2018Sex ratio
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female
total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Reference: 20240-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.03 male(s)/female
total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
32.8 years (2019)
Reference: 2019Maternal mortality ratio
11 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Gross reproduction rate
0.71 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Drinking water source
improved: urban: urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 8.3% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 15.9% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 15.9% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
5.07 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Reference: 2023Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: urban: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022improved: rural: rural: 100% of population (2022 est.)
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: urban: urban: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: rural: rural: 0% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
25.6% (2016)
Reference: 2016Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 10.99 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 3.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 4.98 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 2.32 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019beer: 3.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 4.98 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 2.32 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 33% (2025 est.)
male: 31.7% (2025 est.)
female: 34.4% (2025 est.)
male: 31.7% (2025 est.)
female: 34.4% (2025 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years (2023 est.)
male: 14 years (2023 est.)
female: 15 years (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023male: 14 years (2023 est.)
female: 15 years (2023 est.)
Migration & Displacement
Immigrant/emigrant stock measures the number of international migrants resident in, or originating from, the country; it is not the same as annual immigration/emigration flows.
Government & Politics
| Office | Holder | Affiliation | From | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head of state | Josep-Lluís Serrano Pentinat | — | 2025-00-00 | Current | Reported |
| Head of government | Xavier Espot Zamora | — | 2019-05-16 | Current | Reported |
Country name
conventional long form: Principality of Andorra
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra
etymology: the origin of the country's name is obscure; may originate from the Navarrese word andurrial, meaning "shrub-covered land;" alternatively, may derive from the Arabic ad-darra meaning "the forest," a reference to its location; many other theories exist
conventional short form: Andorra
local long form: Principat d'Andorra
local short form: Andorra
etymology: the origin of the country's name is obscure; may originate from the Navarrese word andurrial, meaning "shrub-covered land;" alternatively, may derive from the Arabic ad-darra meaning "the forest," a reference to its location; many other theories exist
Capital
name: Andorra la Vella
geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: translates as "Andorra the Old" in Catalan
geographic coordinates: 42 30 N, 1 31 E
time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
etymology: translates as "Andorra the Old" in Catalan
Administrative divisions
7 parishes (parroquies, singular - parroquia); Andorra la Vella, Canillo, Encamp, Escaldes-Engordany, La Massana, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
Legal system
mixed legal system of civil and customary law with the influence of canon (religious) law
Constitution
history: drafted 1991, approved by referendum 14 March 1993, effective 28 April 1993
amendment process: proposed by the co-princes jointly or by the General Council; passage requires at least a two-thirds majority vote by the General Council, ratification in a referendum, and sanctioning by the co-princes
Reference: 1993, 1991amendment process: proposed by the co-princes jointly or by the General Council; passage requires at least a two-thirds majority vote by the General Council, ratification in a referendum, and sanctioning by the co-princes
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: the mother must be an Andorran citizen or the father must have been born in Andorra and both parents maintain permanent residence in Andorra
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 25 years
citizenship by descent only: the mother must be an Andorran citizen or the father must have been born in Andorra and both parents maintain permanent residence in Andorra
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 25 years
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: Co-prince Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by Patrick STROZDA (since 14 May 2017); and Co-prince Archbishop Joan-Enric VIVES i Sicilia (since 12 May 2003); represented by Eduard Ibanez PULIDO (since 27 November 2023)
head of government: Prime Minister Xavier Espot ZAMORA (since 16 May 2019)
cabinet: Executive Council composed of head of government and 11 ministers designated by the head of government
election/appointment process: head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the co-princes for a 4-year term; the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government
most recent election date: 2 April 2023
election results: 2023: Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) reelected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 57.1%
2019: Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7
expected date of next election: April 2027
Reference: 2027, 2023, 2019, 2017head of government: Prime Minister Xavier Espot ZAMORA (since 16 May 2019)
cabinet: Executive Council composed of head of government and 11 ministers designated by the head of government
election/appointment process: head of government indirectly elected by the General Council (Andorran parliament), formally appointed by the co-princes for a 4-year term; the leader of the majority party in the General Council is usually elected head of government
most recent election date: 2 April 2023
election results: 2023: Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) reelected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 57.1%
2019: Xaviar Espot ZAMORA (DA) elected head of government; percent of General Council vote - 60.7
expected date of next election: April 2027
Legislative branch
legislature name: General Council (Consell General)
legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 28 (all directly elected)
electoral system: mixed system
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 4/2/2023
parties elected and seats per party: Democrats for Andorra (DA) and its allies (17); Concordia (Concòrdia) and its allies (5); Andorra Forward (Andorra Endavant) (3); Social Democrat Party (PS) - Social Democracy and Progress (SDP) (3)
percentage of women in chamber: 50%
expected date of next election: April 2027
note: note: voters cast two separate ballots -- one for the national election and one for their parish
Reference: 2027, 2023legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 28 (all directly elected)
electoral system: mixed system
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 4/2/2023
parties elected and seats per party: Democrats for Andorra (DA) and its allies (17); Concordia (Concòrdia) and its allies (5); Andorra Forward (Andorra Endavant) (3); Social Democrat Party (PS) - Social Democracy and Progress (SDP) (3)
percentage of women in chamber: 50%
expected date of next election: April 2027
note: note: voters cast two separate ballots -- one for the national election and one for their parish
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de la Justicia d'Andorra (consists of the court president and 8 judges organized into civil, criminal, and administrative chambers); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 4 magistrates)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges appointed by the Supreme Council of Justice, a 5-member judicial policy and administrative body appointed 1 each by the co-princes, 1 by the General Council, 1 by the executive council president, and 1 by the courts; judges serve 6-year renewable terms; Constitutional magistrates - 2 appointed by the co-princes and 2 by the General Council; magistrates' appointments limited to 2 consecutive 8-year terms
subordinate courts: Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges appointed by the Supreme Council of Justice, a 5-member judicial policy and administrative body appointed 1 each by the co-princes, 1 by the General Council, 1 by the executive council president, and 1 by the courts; judges serve 6-year renewable terms; Constitutional magistrates - 2 appointed by the co-princes and 2 by the General Council; magistrates' appointments limited to 2 consecutive 8-year terms
subordinate courts: Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts
Political parties
Action for Andorra or ACCIO
Committed Citizens or CC
Concord or C
Democrats for Andorra or DA
Forward Andorra or AE
Liberals of Andorra or L'A
Social Democratic Party or PS
Social Democracy and Progress or SDP
Committed Citizens or CC
Concord or C
Democrats for Andorra or DA
Forward Andorra or AE
Liberals of Andorra or L'A
Social Democratic Party or PS
Social Democracy and Progress or SDP
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Joan FORNER ROVIRA (since 13 January 2025); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
email address and website: contact@andorraun.org
https://www.exteriors.ad/en/embassies-of-andorra/andorra-usa-embassy
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
email address and website: contact@andorraun.org
https://www.exteriors.ad/en/embassies-of-andorra/andorra-usa-embassy
Diplomatic representation from the US
embassy: the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the US Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Espana; telephone: [34] (93) 280-22-27; FAX: [34] (93) 280-61-75; email address: Barcelonaacs@state.gov
International organization participation
CE, FAO, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Independence
1278 (formed under the joint sovereignty of the French Count of Foix and the Spanish Bishop of Urgell)
National holiday
Our Lady of Meritxell Day, 8 September (1278)
Flag
description: three vertical bands of blue (left side), yellow, and red, with the national coat of arms centered in the yellow band, which is slightly wider than the other two; the coat of arms features a quartered shield with the emblems of Urgell, Foix, Bearn, and Catalonia; the motto reads VIRTUS UNITA FORTIOR (Strength United is Stronger)
meaning: the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to symbolize Franco-Spanish protection
note: note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
meaning: the flag combines the blue and red French colors with the red and yellow of Spain to symbolize Franco-Spanish protection
note: note: similar to the flags of Chad and Romania, which do not have a national coat of arms in the center, and the flag of Moldova, which does bear a national emblem
National symbol(s)
red cow (breed unspecified)
National color(s)
blue, yellow, red
National anthem(s)
title: "El Gran Carlemany" (The Great Charlemagne)
lyrics/music: Joan BENLLOCH i VIVO/Enric MARFANY BONS
history: adopted 1921; the anthem provides a brief history of Andorra in a first-person narrative
Reference: 1921lyrics/music: Joan BENLLOCH i VIVO/Enric MARFANY BONS
history: adopted 1921; the anthem provides a brief history of Andorra in a first-person narrative
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley
selected World Heritage Site locales: Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley
Government & Official Links
| Institution | Official website | X / Twitter | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Andorra official website | Official website | — | Reported · source Checked September 20, 2026 |
Institutional accounts only; personal accounts of political office-holders are excluded.
Legislature & Elections
Legislature
| Name | Chamber | Seats | Electoral system |
|---|---|---|---|
| General Council of Andorra | — | 28 | — |
Economy
Economic overview
high GDP; low unemployment; non-EU Euro user; co-principality duty-free area between Spain and France; tourist hub but hit hard by COVID-19; modern, non-tax haven financial sector; looking for big tech investments; new member of SEPA and IMF
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $5.402 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $5.226 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $5.094 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $5.226 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $5.094 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2024: $65,900 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $64,600 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $63,900 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP per capita 2023: $64,600 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $63,900 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Inflation rate (consumer prices)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2022: 6.2% (2022 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021: 1.7% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020: 0.1% (2020 est.)
note: note: annual % change based on consumer prices
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2020Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2021: 1.7% (2021 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2020: 0.1% (2020 est.)
note: note: annual % change based on consumer prices
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 0.5% (2024 est.)
industry: 12.8% (2024 est.)
services: 77.6% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Reference: 2024industry: 12.8% (2024 est.)
services: 77.6% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Agricultural products
small quantities of rye, wheat, barley, oats, vegetables, tobacco, sheep, cattle
Industries
tourism (particularly skiing), banking, timber, furniture
Industrial production growth rate
6% (2024 est.)
note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Reference: 2024note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Remittances
Remittances 2023: 1.3% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 1.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 1.6% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Remittances 2022: 1.3% of GDP (2022 est.)
Remittances 2021: 1.6% of GDP (2021 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Budget
revenues: $1.054 billion (2023 est.)
expenditures: $989.38 million (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Reference: 2023expenditures: $989.38 million (2023 est.)
note: note: central government revenues (excluding grants) and expenditures converted to US dollars at average official exchange rate for year indicated
Public debt
Public debt 2013: 41.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
Reference: 2013Current account balance
Current account balance 2023: $538.287 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $393.62 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $499.422 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Current account balance 2022: $393.62 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $499.422 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2023: $3.169 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $2.736 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $2.446 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Exports 2022: $2.736 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $2.446 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
Spain 39%, USA 21%, France 11%, UK 5%, UAE 3% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
paintings, integrated circuits, cars, orthopedic appliances, garments (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2023: $2.716 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $2.44 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.143 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Imports 2022: $2.44 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.143 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
Spain 65%, France 11%, Germany 4%, China 3%, Italy 3% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
cars, refined petroleum, garments, perfumes, electricity (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Exchange rates
Currency: euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024: 0.924 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 0.925 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 0.951 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 0.845 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 0.876 (2020 est.)
note: note: while not an EU member state, Andorra has a 2011 monetary agreement with the EU to produce limited euro coinage—but not banknotes—that began enforcement in April 2012
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Exchange rates 2024: 0.924 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 0.925 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 0.951 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 0.845 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 0.876 (2020 est.)
note: note: while not an EU member state, Andorra has a 2011 monetary agreement with the EU to produce limited euro coinage—but not banknotes—that began enforcement in April 2012
Trade
Current account balance
Current account balance 2023: $538.287 million (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $393.62 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $499.422 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Current account balance 2022: $393.62 million (2022 est.)
Current account balance 2021: $499.422 million (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2023: $3.169 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $2.736 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $2.446 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Exports 2022: $2.736 billion (2022 est.)
Exports 2021: $2.446 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
Spain 39%, USA 21%, France 11%, UK 5%, UAE 3% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
paintings, integrated circuits, cars, orthopedic appliances, garments (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2023: $2.716 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $2.44 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.143 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021Imports 2022: $2.44 billion (2022 est.)
Imports 2021: $2.143 billion (2021 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
Spain 65%, France 11%, Germany 4%, China 3%, Italy 3% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
cars, refined petroleum, garments, perfumes, electricity (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Energy & Resources
Infrastructure
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 52,000 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 64 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 64 (2023 est.)
Health
Maternal mortality ratio
11 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 8.3% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 15.9% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 15.9% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
5.07 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Reference: 2023Obesity - adult prevalence rate
25.6% (2016)
Reference: 2016Tobacco use
total: 33% (2025 est.)
male: 31.7% (2025 est.)
female: 34.4% (2025 est.)
male: 31.7% (2025 est.)
female: 34.4% (2025 est.)
Education
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years (2023 est.)
male: 14 years (2023 est.)
female: 15 years (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023male: 14 years (2023 est.)
female: 15 years (2023 est.)
Rights, Freedoms & Society
LGBTQ+ Rights & Law
Concrete legal-status fields only; Knelstrom does not generate an LGBTQ rights score or country ranking.
Source: Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory (CC BY-SA 4.0). Community-edited legal-status summary; retrieved by Knelstrom and not legal advice.
Crime & Justice
Legal system
mixed legal system of civil and customary law with the influence of canon (religious) law
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or Tribunal Superior de la Justicia d'Andorra (consists of the court president and 8 judges organized into civil, criminal, and administrative chambers); Constitutional Court or Tribunal Constitucional (consists of 4 magistrates)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges appointed by the Supreme Council of Justice, a 5-member judicial policy and administrative body appointed 1 each by the co-princes, 1 by the General Council, 1 by the executive council president, and 1 by the courts; judges serve 6-year renewable terms; Constitutional magistrates - 2 appointed by the co-princes and 2 by the General Council; magistrates' appointments limited to 2 consecutive 8-year terms
subordinate courts: Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court president and judges appointed by the Supreme Council of Justice, a 5-member judicial policy and administrative body appointed 1 each by the co-princes, 1 by the General Council, 1 by the executive council president, and 1 by the courts; judges serve 6-year renewable terms; Constitutional magistrates - 2 appointed by the co-princes and 2 by the General Council; magistrates' appointments limited to 2 consecutive 8-year terms
subordinate courts: Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the Courts or Tribunal de Corts
Military & Security
Military and security forces
no regular military forces; Police Corps of Andorra (under the Ministry of Justice and Interior)
Military - note
defense is the responsibility of France and Spain
International Relations
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Joan FORNER ROVIRA (since 13 January 2025); note - also Permanent Representative to the UN
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
email address and website: contact@andorraun.org
https://www.exteriors.ad/en/embassies-of-andorra/andorra-usa-embassy
chancery: 2 United Nations Plaza, 27th Floor, New York, NY 10017
telephone: [1] (212) 750-8064
FAX: [1] (212) 750-6630
email address and website: contact@andorraun.org
https://www.exteriors.ad/en/embassies-of-andorra/andorra-usa-embassy
Diplomatic representation from the US
embassy: the US does not have an embassy in Andorra; the US ambassador to Spain is accredited to Andorra; US interests in Andorra are represented by the US Consulate General's office in Barcelona (Spain); mailing address: Paseo Reina Elisenda de Montcada, 23, 08034 Barcelona, Espana; telephone: [34] (93) 280-22-27; FAX: [34] (93) 280-61-75; email address: Barcelonaacs@state.gov
International organization participation
CE, FAO, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Treaties & Organisations
| Organisation | Status | Joined |
|---|---|---|
| Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) | member | — |
| United Nations (UN) | member | 1993-07-28 |
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
International organization participation
CE, FAO, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ITU, OIF, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WTO (observer)
Transportation & Logistics
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
C3
Heliports
2 (2025)
Environment
Environmental issues
deforestation; soil erosion from overgrazing; air pollution; wastewater treatment and solid waste disposal
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Climate
temperate; snowy, cold winters and warm, dry summers
Land use
agricultural land: 39.9% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.6% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 38.3% (2023 est.)
forest: 38.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.4% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.6% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 38.3% (2023 est.)
forest: 38.7% (2023 est.)
other: 21.4% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 87.8% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2020rate of urbanization: 0.11% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
8.5 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 43,000 tons (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Total renewable water resources
315.6 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022Communications & Media
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 52,000 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 64 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 64 (2023 est.)
Broadcast media
the media scene is partly shaped by the proximity to France and Spain; Andorrans have access to broadcasts from both countries (2023)
Reference: 2023Internet country code
.ad
Historical Trends
Population
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Population data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 72,181 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 73,763 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 75,162 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 76,474 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 77,380 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 78,364 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 79,705 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 80,856 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 81,938 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 82,904 | world_bank_wdi |
GDP (current US$)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View GDP (current US$) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $2,896,610,480 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | $3,000,162,081 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | $3,218,419,897 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | $3,155,149,348 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | $2,891,001,149 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | $3,324,647,529 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | $3,380,612,573 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | $3,785,067,332 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | $4,044,249,679 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | $4,500,982,732 | world_bank_wdi |
International migrant stock (immigrants)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International migrant stock (immigrants) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 45,574 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 48,408 | world_bank_wdi |
International emigrant stock
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International emigrant stock data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 143 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 1995 | 283 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2000 | 436 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2005 | 448 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2010 | 1,213 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2015 | 1,467 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2020 | 1,751 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2024 | 1,982 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
Net migration
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Net migration data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 1,415 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 1,357 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 1,143 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 1,245 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 572 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 1,514 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 1,102 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 1,061 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 988 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 843 | world_bank_wdi |
Sources & Methodology
Current statistical observations include their reference period and provenance. Reference fields from approved source datasets are attributed below. Missing information is left unknown rather than inferred.
| Indicator | Value | Period | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 82,904 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| UN Population Division population estimate | 83,753 | 2026 | UN Population Division Data Portal | Estimated |
| Wikidata population (fallback) | 89,752 | 2026 | Wikidata | Reported |
| International migrant stock (immigrants) | 48,408 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International migrant stock | 59.1% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International emigrant stock | 1,982 | 2024 | UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 | Estimated |
| Net migration | 843 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Refugees from this country | 5 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Asylum seekers from this country | 57 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Same-sex sexual activity | Yes Legal since 1990; + UN decl. sign. | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Recognition of same-sex relationships | Yes Stable unions since 2005; Civil unions from 2014–2023, replaced by civil marriage | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex marriage | Yes Legal since 2023 | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex adoption | Yes Legal since 2014 | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Open military service | Has no military | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law | Yes Bans all anti-gay discrimination | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Gender identity / expression law | Yes Since 2023, without SRS and sterilization - but with a mandatory 2-year waiting period. | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| GDP (current US$) | $4,500,982,732 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | $54,292 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP growth | 3.9% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Income level | High income | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Life expectancy at birth | 84.2 years | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fertility rate | 1.1 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Urban population | 88.9% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Individuals using the Internet | 94.4% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secondary school enrolment, gross | 101.9% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Government education expenditure | 1.9% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Access to electricity | 100.0% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Renewable energy consumption | 18.7% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Current health expenditure | 7.7% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Infant mortality rate | 2.4 per 1,000 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Forest area | 34.0% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions | 155.7 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions | 52.4 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secure Internet servers | 17,623 per million | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude | 42.5075° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Longitude | 1.5218° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude (Wikidata) | 42.5583° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Longitude (Wikidata) | 1.5553° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00, Europe/Andorra, Central European Time | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Form of government | parliamentary coprincipality | current | Wikidata | Reported |
Data attribution
Credits below are generated from sources actually used by this country profile. Source-specific terms take precedence.
- CIA World Factbook, final 2025 country profile (structured via factbook.json). Accessed September 20, 2026. U.S. Government public-domain data; retained as a reference source where a newer approved field is not available. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024; data access/processing via Our World in Data. Accessed September 20, 2026. Underlying UN dataset used under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects (WPP indicator 49) Accessed September 19, 2026. Used under CC BY 3.0 IGO; current-year WPP population values are presented as estimates/projections where applicable. Source · Terms/licence
- Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem), Country-Year Dataset v16 (variables: availability) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0; V-Dem measures are expert-coded/modelled and no V-Dem endorsement is implied. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikidata structured data (CC0). Accessed September 20, 2026. Attribution is provided by Knelstrom for provenance although CC0 does not require it. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikipedia, “LGBTQ rights by country or territory” (source revision/data fields: Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Gender identity / expression law, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Open military service, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Recognition of same-sex relationships, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex adoption, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex marriage, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex sexual activity, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Knelstrom changes formatting and presents the imported material as a community-edited legal-status summary, not legal advice or a Knelstrom rights score. Source · Terms/licence
- World Bank, World Development Indicators (series: AG.LND.FRST.ZS, country_metadata, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, IT.NET.BBND.P2, IT.NET.SECR.P6, IT.NET.USER.ZS, NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, SE.SEC.ENRR, SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS, SM.POP.ASYS.EO, SM.POP.NETM, SM.POP.RHCR.EO, SM.POP.TOTL, SM.POP.TOTL.ZS, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS) Accessed September 20, 2026. Data used under CC BY 4.0; Knelstrom presentation/formatting may differ from the source. Source · Terms/licence
Knelstrom does not imply endorsement by any listed data provider.
Last automated statistical refresh: 2026-09-20 02:05:12