Knelstrom Intelligence · World Factbook
Qatar
l’État du Qatar
CapitalDoha
Population2,972,215
GDP$215.6bn
Area11,437 km²
RegionMiddle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan
Data sources current · last checked September 20, 2026 2:11 am
Country facts
Overview
Background
Ruled by the Al Thani family since the mid-1800s, Qatar within the last 60 years transformed itself from a poor British protectorate noted mainly for pearling into an independent state with significant hydrocarbon revenues. Former Amir HAMAD bin Khalifa Al Thani, who overthrew his father in a bloodless coup in 1995, ushered in wide-sweeping political and media reforms, unprecedented economic investment, and a growing Qatari regional leadership role, in part through the creation of the pan-Arab satellite news network Al-Jazeera and Qatar's mediation of some regional conflicts. In the 2000s, Qatar resolved its longstanding border disputes with both Bahrain and Saudi Arabia, and by 2007, Doha had attained the highest per capita income in the world. Qatar did not experience domestic unrest or violence like that seen in other Near Eastern and North African countries in 2011, due in part to its immense wealth and patronage network. In mid-2013, HAMAD peacefully abdicated, transferring power to his son, the current Amir TAMIM bin Hamad. TAMIM is popular with the Qatari public for his role in shepherding the country through an economic embargo from some other regional countries, for his efforts to improve the country's healthcare and education systems, and for his expansion of the country's infrastructure in anticipation of hosting international sporting events. Qatar became the first country in the Arab world to host the FIFA Men’s World Cup in 2022.
Following the outbreak of regional unrest in 2011, Doha prided itself on its support for many popular revolutions, particularly in Libya and Syria. This stance was to the detriment of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which temporarily recalled their respective ambassadors from Doha in 2014. TAMIM later oversaw a warming of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE in November 2014 following Kuwaiti mediation and signing of the Riyadh Agreement. This reconciliation, however, was short-lived. In 2017, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE (the "Quartet") cut diplomatic and economic ties with Qatar in response to alleged violations of the agreement, among other complaints. They restored ties in 2021 after signing a declaration at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit in Al Ula, Saudi Arabia. In 2022, the United States designated Qatar as a major non-NATO ally.
Reference: 2022, 2021, 2017, 2014Following the outbreak of regional unrest in 2011, Doha prided itself on its support for many popular revolutions, particularly in Libya and Syria. This stance was to the detriment of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), which temporarily recalled their respective ambassadors from Doha in 2014. TAMIM later oversaw a warming of Qatar’s relations with Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE in November 2014 following Kuwaiti mediation and signing of the Riyadh Agreement. This reconciliation, however, was short-lived. In 2017, Bahrain, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, and the UAE (the "Quartet") cut diplomatic and economic ties with Qatar in response to alleged violations of the agreement, among other complaints. They restored ties in 2021 after signing a declaration at the Gulf Cooperation Council Summit in Al Ula, Saudi Arabia. In 2022, the United States designated Qatar as a major non-NATO ally.
Geography
Location
Middle East, peninsula bordering the Persian Gulf and Saudi Arabia
Map references
Middle East
Area
total: 11,586 sq km
land: 11,586 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 11,586 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative
almost twice the size of Delaware; slightly smaller than Connecticut
Land boundaries
total: 87 km
border countries: Saudi Arabia 87 km
border countries: Saudi Arabia 87 km
Coastline
563 km
Maritime claims
territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: as determined by bilateral agreements or the median line
Climate
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
Terrain
mostly flat and barren desert
Elevation
highest point: Tuwayyir al Hamir 103 m
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
mean elevation: 28 m
lowest point: Persian Gulf 0 m
mean elevation: 28 m
Natural resources
petroleum, fish, natural gas
Land use
agricultural land: 6.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.)
forest: 0.1% (2023 est.)
other: 93.4% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.)
forest: 0.1% (2023 est.)
other: 93.4% (2023 est.)
Irrigated land
130 sq km (2022)
Reference: 2022Major aquifers
Arabian Aquifer System
Population distribution
most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula
Natural hazards
haze, dust storms, sandstorms common
Geography - note
the peninsula occupies a strategic location in the central Persian Gulf near major petroleum deposits
Population & Society
Nationality
noun: Qatari(s)
adjective: Qatari
adjective: Qatari
Ethnic groups
non-Qatari 88.4%, Qatari 11.6% (2015 est.)
Reference: 2015Languages
Languages: Arabic (official), English commonly used as a second language
major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
major-language sample(s): كتاب حقائق العالم، المصدر الذي لا يمكن الاستغناء عنه للمعلومات الأساسية (Arabic)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Muslim 65.2%, Christian 13.7%, Hindu 15.9%, Buddhist 3.8%, folk religion
Age structure
0-14 years: 13.1% (male 168,844/female 165,905)
15-64 years: 85.4% (male 1,767,294/female 411,977)
65 years and over: 1.5% (2024 est.) (male 24,997/female 13,071)
Reference: 202415-64 years: 85.4% (male 1,767,294/female 411,977)
65 years and over: 1.5% (2024 est.) (male 24,997/female 13,071)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 17.1 (2024 est.)
youth dependency ratio: 15.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 1.7 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 57.2 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024youth dependency ratio: 15.4 (2024 est.)
elderly dependency ratio: 1.7 (2024 est.)
potential support ratio: 57.2 (2024 est.)
Median age
total: 34.3 years (2024 est.)
male: 35.7 years
female: 28.1 years
Reference: 2024male: 35.7 years
female: 28.1 years
Population growth rate
0.71% (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Birth rate
9.2 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Death rate
1.4 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Population distribution
most of the population is clustered in or around the capital of Doha on the eastern side of the peninsula
Major urban areas - population
798,000 Ar-Rayyan, 658,000 DOHA (capital) (2023)
Reference: 2023Sex ratio
at birth: 1.02 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 4.29 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.91 male(s)/female
total population: 3.32 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Reference: 20240-14 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 4.29 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.91 male(s)/female
total population: 3.32 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
4 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Gross reproduction rate
0.94 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024Drinking water source
improved: total: total: 100% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022unimproved: total: total: 0% of population (2022 est.)
Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 2.9% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 7.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 7.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
3.02 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Reference: 2023Hospital bed density
1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Sanitation facility access
improved: total: total: 99.9% of population (2022 est.)
unimproved: total: total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022unimproved: total: total: 0.1% of population (2022 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
35.1% (2016)
Reference: 2016Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 0.96 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019beer: 0.29 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.07 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.59 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 19.2% (2025 est.)
male: 24.6% (2025 est.)
female: 2.3% (2025 est.)
male: 24.6% (2025 est.)
female: 2.3% (2025 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.3% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Currently married women (ages 15-49)
65.8% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 13 years (2022 est.)
male: 12 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022male: 12 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Migration & Displacement
Immigrant/emigrant stock measures the number of international migrants resident in, or originating from, the country; it is not the same as annual immigration/emigration flows.
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 349 (2024 est.)
stateless persons: 1,200 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024stateless persons: 1,200 (2024 est.)
Government & Politics
| Office | Holder | Affiliation | From | Status | Evidence |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Head of government | Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani | — | 2023-00-00 | Current | Reported |
| Head of state | Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani | — | 2013-06-25 | Current | Reported |
Country name
conventional long form: State of Qatar
conventional short form: Qatar
local long form: Dawlat Qatar
local short form: Qatar
etymology: the name may derive from the Arabic word katran, meaning "tar" or "resin" in reference to the area's oil and natural gas reserves
note: note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation is GAT-tar or COT-tar
conventional short form: Qatar
local long form: Dawlat Qatar
local short form: Qatar
etymology: the name may derive from the Arabic word katran, meaning "tar" or "resin" in reference to the area's oil and natural gas reserves
note: note: closest approximation of the native pronunciation is GAT-tar or COT-tar
Capital
name: Doha
geographic coordinates: 25 17 N, 51 32 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name is derived from the Arabic ad-dawha, meaning "the big tree," and probably referred to a large tree at the site of the original fishing village
geographic coordinates: 25 17 N, 51 32 E
time difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
etymology: the name is derived from the Arabic ad-dawha, meaning "the big tree," and probably referred to a large tree at the site of the original fishing village
Administrative divisions
8 municipalities (baladiyat, singular - baladiyah); Ad Dawhah, Al Khawr wa adh Dhakhirah, Al Wakrah, Ar Rayyan, Ash Shamal, Ash Shihaniyah, Az Za'ayin, Umm Salal
Legal system
mixed system of civil law and Islamic (sharia) law (in family and personal matters)
Constitution
history: previous 1972 (provisional); latest drafted 2 July 2002, approved by referendum 29 April 2003, endorsed 8 June 2004, effective 9 June 2005
amendment process: proposed by the Amir or by one third of Advisory Council members; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Advisory Council members and approval and promulgation by the emir; articles pertaining to the rule of state and its inheritance, functions of the emir, and citizen rights and liberties cannot be amended
Reference: 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002amendment process: proposed by the Amir or by one third of Advisory Council members; passage requires two-thirds majority vote of Advisory Council members and approval and promulgation by the emir; articles pertaining to the rule of state and its inheritance, functions of the emir, and citizen rights and liberties cannot be amended
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Citizenship
citizenship by birth: no
citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Qatar
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 20 years; 15 years if an Arab national
citizenship by descent only: the father must be a citizen of Qatar
dual citizenship recognized: no
residency requirement for naturalization: 20 years; 15 years if an Arab national
Suffrage
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch
chief of state: Amir TAMIM bin Hamad Al Thani (since 25 June 2013)
head of government: Prime Minister and Foreign Minister MUHAMMAD bin Abd al-Rahman Al Thani (since 7 March 2023)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the amir
election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the amir
Reference: 2023, 2013head of government: Prime Minister and Foreign Minister MUHAMMAD bin Abd al-Rahman Al Thani (since 7 March 2023)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the amir
election/appointment process: the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the amir
Legislative branch
legislature name: Shura Council (Majlis Al-Shura)
legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 49 (all appointed)
electoral system: plurality/majority
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 10/9/2025
percentage of women in chamber: 6.1%
expected date of next election: September 2029
Reference: 2029, 2025legislative structure: unicameral
number of seats: 49 (all appointed)
electoral system: plurality/majority
scope of elections: full renewal
term in office: 4 years
most recent election date: 10/9/2025
percentage of women in chamber: 6.1%
expected date of next election: September 2029
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of the court president and several judges); Supreme Constitutional Court (consists of the chief justice and 6 members)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council, a 9-member independent body consisting of judiciary heads appointed by the amir; judges appointed for 3-year renewable terms; Supreme Constitutional Court members nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council and appointed by the monarch; term of appointment NA
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; Courts of Justice; Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Center, established in 2009, provides dispute resolution services for institutions and bodies in Qatar, as well as internationally
Reference: 2009judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council, a 9-member independent body consisting of judiciary heads appointed by the amir; judges appointed for 3-year renewable terms; Supreme Constitutional Court members nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council and appointed by the monarch; term of appointment NA
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; Courts of Justice; Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Center, established in 2009, provides dispute resolution services for institutions and bodies in Qatar, as well as internationally
Political parties
political parties are banned
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Meshal bin Hamad AL THANI (since 24 April 2017)
chancery: 2555 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037
telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600
FAX: [1] (202) 237-0682
email address and website: info.dc@mofa.gov.qa
https://washington.embassy.qa/en/home
consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York
Reference: 2017chancery: 2555 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037
telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600
FAX: [1] (202) 237-0682
email address and website: info.dc@mofa.gov.qa
https://washington.embassy.qa/en/home
consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Stefanie ALTMAN-WINANS (since June 2025)
embassy: 22 February Street, Al Luqta District, P.O. Box 2399, Doha
mailing address: 6130 Doha Place, Washington DC 20521-6130
telephone: [974] 4496-6000
FAX: [974] 4488-4298
email address and website: PasDoha@state.gov
https://qa.usembassy.gov/
embassy: 22 February Street, Al Luqta District, P.O. Box 2399, Doha
mailing address: 6130 Doha Place, Washington DC 20521-6130
telephone: [974] 4496-6000
FAX: [974] 4488-4298
email address and website: PasDoha@state.gov
https://qa.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA (observer), EITI (implementing country), FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Independence
3 September 1971 (from the UK)
Reference: 1971National holiday
National Day, 18 December (1878), anniversary of Al Thani family accession to the throne; Independence Day, 3 September (1971)
Reference: 1971Flag
description: maroon with a broad, serrated white band on the left side
meaning: maroon stands for the blood shed in Qatari wars, and white for peace; the nine-pointed serrated edge is a reference to Qatar's status as the ninth member of the "reconciled emirates" after the Qatari-British treaty of 1916 -- the other eight members are Bahrain and the seven that make up the UAE
Reference: 1916meaning: maroon stands for the blood shed in Qatari wars, and white for peace; the nine-pointed serrated edge is a reference to Qatar's status as the ninth member of the "reconciled emirates" after the Qatari-British treaty of 1916 -- the other eight members are Bahrain and the seven that make up the UAE
National symbol(s)
a white serrated band with nine white points on top of a maroon field
National color(s)
maroon, white
National anthem(s)
title: "Al-Salam Al-Amiri" (Peace be to the Emir)
lyrics/music: Sheikh MUBARAK bin Saif al-Thani/Abdul Aziz Nasser OBAIDAN
history: adopted 1996
Reference: 1996lyrics/music: Sheikh MUBARAK bin Saif al-Thani/Abdul Aziz Nasser OBAIDAN
history: adopted 1996
National heritage
total World Heritage Sites: 1 (cultural)
selected World Heritage Site locales: Al Zubarah Archaeological Site
selected World Heritage Site locales: Al Zubarah Archaeological Site
Government & Official Links
| Institution | Official website | X / Twitter | Verification |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qatar official website | Official website | — | Reported · source Checked September 20, 2026 |
Institutional accounts only; personal accounts of political office-holders are excluded.
Legislature & Elections
Legislature
| Name | Chamber | Seats | Electoral system |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consultative Assembly of Qatar | — | 45 | — |
Economy
Economic overview
high-income, oil-and-gas-based Middle Eastern economy; implementing “National Vision 2030” government strategy for economic development, diversification, and favorable business conditions to boost investment and employment; expansion of LNG sector expected to boost growth; Islamic finance leader
Reference: 2030Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2024: $317.064 billion (2024 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $308.522 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $304.903 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2023: $308.522 billion (2023 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2022: $304.903 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Real GDP per capita
Real GDP per capita 2024: $110,900 (2024 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2023: $116,200 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $114,700 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Real GDP per capita 2023: $116,200 (2023 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2022: $114,700 (2022 est.)
note: note: data in 2021 dollars
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
agriculture: 0.3% (2024 est.)
industry: 58.5% (2024 est.)
services: 45.9% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
Reference: 2024industry: 58.5% (2024 est.)
services: 45.9% (2024 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to non-allocated consumption not captured in sector-reported data
GDP - composition, by end use
household consumption: 19.5% (2022 est.)
government consumption: 12.9% (2022 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 30.6% (2022 est.)
investment in inventories: 0% (2022 est.)
exports of goods and services: 68.6% (2022 est.)
imports of goods and services: -31.6% (2022 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Reference: 2022government consumption: 12.9% (2022 est.)
investment in fixed capital: 30.6% (2022 est.)
investment in inventories: 0% (2022 est.)
exports of goods and services: 68.6% (2022 est.)
imports of goods and services: -31.6% (2022 est.)
note: note: figures may not total 100% due to rounding or gaps in data collection
Agricultural products
dates, chicken, tomatoes, camel milk, vegetables, cucumbers/gherkins, pumpkins/squash, eggs, sheep milk, eggplants (2023)
note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Reference: 2023note: note: top ten agricultural products based on tonnage
Industries
liquefied natural gas, crude oil production and refining, ammonia, fertilizer, petrochemicals, steel reinforcing bars, cement, commercial ship repair
Industrial production growth rate
1.6% (2024 est.)
note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Reference: 2024note: note: annual % change in industrial value added based on constant local currency
Labor force
2.123 million (2024 est.)
note: note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Reference: 2024note: note: number of people ages 15 or older who are employed or seeking work
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 0.4% (2024 est.)
male: 0.1% (2024 est.)
female: 1.2% (2024 est.)
note: note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Reference: 2024male: 0.1% (2024 est.)
female: 1.2% (2024 est.)
note: note: % of labor force ages 15-24 seeking employment
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income 2017: 35.1 (2017 est.)
note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Reference: 2017note: note: index (0-100) of income distribution; higher values represent greater inequality
Average household expenditures
on food: 14.6% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
on alcohol and tobacco: 0.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023on alcohol and tobacco: 0.3% of household expenditures (2023 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share
lowest 10%: 2.6% (2017 est.)
highest 10%: 25.8% (2017 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Reference: 2017highest 10%: 25.8% (2017 est.)
note: note: % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population
Remittances
Remittances 2024: 0.7% of GDP (2024 est.)
Remittances 2023: 0.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 0.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Remittances 2023: 0.7% of GDP (2023 est.)
Remittances 2022: 0.4% of GDP (2022 est.)
note: note: personal transfers and compensation between resident and non-resident individuals/households/entities
Budget
revenues: $65.922 billion (2019 est.)
expenditures: $57.258 billion (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019expenditures: $57.258 billion (2019 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2016: 46.7% of GDP (2016 est.)
Reference: 2016Current account balance
Current account balance 2024: $38.117 billion (2024 est.)
Current account balance 2023: $36.453 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $63.118 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Current account balance 2023: $36.453 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $63.118 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2024: $125.216 billion (2024 est.)
Exports 2023: $128.709 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $161.693 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Exports 2023: $128.709 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $161.693 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
China 18%, India 11%, S. Korea 10%, Japan 7%, Pakistan 6% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, plastics, fertilizers (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2024: $69.692 billion (2024 est.)
Imports 2023: $72.174 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $74.52 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Imports 2023: $72.174 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $74.52 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
USA 12%, China 12%, UAE 9%, UK 7%, India 5% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
gas turbines, cars, aircraft, iron pipes, ships (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2024: $53.987 billion (2024 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $51.539 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $47.389 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2023: $51.539 billion (2023 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 2022: $47.389 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: holdings of gold (year-end prices)/foreign exchange/special drawing rights in current dollars
Exchange rates
Currency: Qatari rials (QAR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2024: 3.64 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 3.64 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 3.64 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 3.64 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 3.64 (2020 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021Exchange rates 2024: 3.64 (2024 est.)
Exchange rates 2023: 3.64 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022: 3.64 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021: 3.64 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020: 3.64 (2020 est.)
Trade
Current account balance
Current account balance 2024: $38.117 billion (2024 est.)
Current account balance 2023: $36.453 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $63.118 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Current account balance 2023: $36.453 billion (2023 est.)
Current account balance 2022: $63.118 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - net trade and primary/secondary income in current dollars
Exports
Exports 2024: $125.216 billion (2024 est.)
Exports 2023: $128.709 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $161.693 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Exports 2023: $128.709 billion (2023 est.)
Exports 2022: $161.693 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - exports of goods and services in current dollars
Exports - partners
China 18%, India 11%, S. Korea 10%, Japan 7%, Pakistan 6% (2023)
note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export partners based on percentage share of exports
Exports - commodities
natural gas, crude petroleum, refined petroleum, plastics, fertilizers (2023)
note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five export commodities based on value in dollars
Imports
Imports 2024: $69.692 billion (2024 est.)
Imports 2023: $72.174 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $74.52 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Reference: 2024, 2023, 2022Imports 2023: $72.174 billion (2023 est.)
Imports 2022: $74.52 billion (2022 est.)
note: note: balance of payments - imports of goods and services in current dollars
Imports - partners
USA 12%, China 12%, UAE 9%, UK 7%, India 5% (2023)
note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import partners based on percentage share of imports
Imports - commodities
gas turbines, cars, aircraft, iron pipes, ships (2023)
note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Reference: 2023note: note: top five import commodities based on value in dollars
Energy & Resources
Electricity
installed generating capacity: 11.4 million kW (2023 est.)
consumption: 51.965 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 3.177 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023consumption: 51.965 billion kWh (2023 est.)
transmission/distribution losses: 3.177 billion kWh (2023 est.)
Electricity generation sources
fossil fuels: 99.7% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
biomass and waste: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023biomass and waste: 0.2% of total installed capacity (2023 est.)
Coal
exports: 300 metric tons (2023 est.)
imports: 4,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023imports: 4,000 metric tons (2023 est.)
Petroleum
total petroleum production: 1.818 million bbl/day (2023 est.)
refined petroleum consumption: 268,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves: 25.244 billion barrels (2021 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2021refined petroleum consumption: 268,000 bbl/day (2023 est.)
crude oil estimated reserves: 25.244 billion barrels (2021 est.)
Natural gas
production: 171.805 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
consumption: 48.034 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
exports: 124.747 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves: 23.861 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2021consumption: 48.034 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
exports: 124.747 billion cubic meters (2023 est.)
proven reserves: 23.861 trillion cubic meters (2021 est.)
Energy consumption per capita
Total energy consumption per capita 2023: 814.308 million Btu/person (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Infrastructure
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 526,000 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2023 est.)
Health
Maternal mortality ratio
4 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023Health expenditure
Health expenditure (as % of GDP): 2.9% of GDP (2021)
Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 7.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022, 2021Health expenditure (as % of national budget): 7.4% of national budget (2022 est.)
Physician density
3.02 physicians/1,000 population (2023)
Reference: 2023Hospital bed density
1.1 beds/1,000 population (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Obesity - adult prevalence rate
35.1% (2016)
Reference: 2016Tobacco use
total: 19.2% (2025 est.)
male: 24.6% (2025 est.)
female: 2.3% (2025 est.)
male: 24.6% (2025 est.)
female: 2.3% (2025 est.)
Education
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 13 years (2022 est.)
male: 12 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022male: 12 years (2022 est.)
female: 15 years (2022 est.)
Rights, Freedoms & Society
Press & Media Freedom
V-Dem expert-coded/modelled source measures. Knelstrom does not create a press-freedom ranking or composite score.
LGBTQ+ Rights & Law
Concrete legal-status fields only; Knelstrom does not generate an LGBTQ rights score or country ranking.
Source: Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory (CC BY-SA 4.0). Community-edited legal-status summary; retrieved by Knelstrom and not legal advice.
Crime & Justice
Legal system
mixed system of civil law and Islamic (sharia) law (in family and personal matters)
Judicial branch
highest court(s): Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of the court president and several judges); Supreme Constitutional Court (consists of the chief justice and 6 members)
judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council, a 9-member independent body consisting of judiciary heads appointed by the amir; judges appointed for 3-year renewable terms; Supreme Constitutional Court members nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council and appointed by the monarch; term of appointment NA
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; Courts of Justice; Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Center, established in 2009, provides dispute resolution services for institutions and bodies in Qatar, as well as internationally
Reference: 2009judge selection and term of office: Supreme Court judges nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council, a 9-member independent body consisting of judiciary heads appointed by the amir; judges appointed for 3-year renewable terms; Supreme Constitutional Court members nominated by the Supreme Judiciary Council and appointed by the monarch; term of appointment NA
subordinate courts: Courts of Appeal; Administrative Court; Courts of First Instance; sharia courts; Courts of Justice; Qatar International Court and Dispute Resolution Center, established in 2009, provides dispute resolution services for institutions and bodies in Qatar, as well as internationally
Military & Security
Military and security forces
Qatar Armed Forces (QAF): Qatari Amiri Land Force (QALF, includes Emiri Guard), Qatari Amiri Navy (QAN, includes Coast Guard), Qatari Amiri Air Force (QAAF)
Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of Public Security, General Directorate of Coasts and Border Security, Internal Security Force (ISF or Lekhwiya) (2025)
Ministry of Interior: General Directorate of Public Security, General Directorate of Coasts and Border Security, Internal Security Force (ISF or Lekhwiya) (2025)
Military expenditures
Military Expenditures 2023: 5% of GDP (2023 est.)
Military Expenditures 2022: 5% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021: 4% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2020: 4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military Expenditures 2019: 3.4% of GDP (2019 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2022, 2021, 2020Military Expenditures 2022: 5% of GDP (2022 est.)
Military Expenditures 2021: 4% of GDP (2021 est.)
Military Expenditures 2020: 4% of GDP (2020 est.)
Military Expenditures 2019: 3.4% of GDP (2019 est.)
Military and security service personnel strengths
approximately 15,000 active-duty Qatar Armed Forces (2025)
Military equipment inventories and acquisitions
the Qatari military's inventory includes a broad mix of older and modern weapons systems, mostly from the US and Europe; in the 2010s, Qatar embarked on a military expansion and modernization program with large air, ground, and naval equipment purchases; in recent years, major suppliers have included France, Germany, Italy, the UK, and the US; Qatar is one of the world's largest arms importers (2024)
Reference: 2024Military service age and obligation
conscription for men aged 18-35 introduced in 2013; compulsory service times range from 4-12 months, depending on educational and professional circumstances; since 2018, women have been permitted to serve as volunteers in the armed forces, including as uniformed officers and pilots (2023)
note: note: the military incorporates about 2,000 conscripts annually and recruits foreign contract soldiers to overcome manpower limitations
Reference: 2023, 2018, 2013note: note: the military incorporates about 2,000 conscripts annually and recruits foreign contract soldiers to overcome manpower limitations
Military - note
Qatar's military is responsible for territorial defense and maritime security; the military is in the midst of a large equipment acquisition program designed to enhance its capabilities and Qatar's regional standing; Qatar has military ties with a variety of countries, including France, the UK, the US, Turkey, and member countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC); it hosts the regional headquarters for the US Central Command (CENTCOM; established 1983) and several thousand US military forces at various military facilities, including the Al Udeid Air Base; Qatar has Major Non-NATO Ally status with the US, a designation under US law that provides foreign partners with certain benefits in the areas of defense trade and security cooperation; Qatar also hosts Turkish military forces at two bases established in 2014 and 2019; the Qatari military is part of the Peninsula Shield Forces, a joint military force established by the GCC countries with the aim of maintaining security and stability in the region (2025)
Reference: 2025, 2019, 2014, 1983International Relations
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Diplomatic representation in the US
chief of mission: Ambassador Meshal bin Hamad AL THANI (since 24 April 2017)
chancery: 2555 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037
telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600
FAX: [1] (202) 237-0682
email address and website: info.dc@mofa.gov.qa
https://washington.embassy.qa/en/home
consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York
Reference: 2017chancery: 2555 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20037
telephone: [1] (202) 274-1600
FAX: [1] (202) 237-0682
email address and website: info.dc@mofa.gov.qa
https://washington.embassy.qa/en/home
consulate(s) general: Houston, Los Angeles, New York
Diplomatic representation from the US
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Stefanie ALTMAN-WINANS (since June 2025)
embassy: 22 February Street, Al Luqta District, P.O. Box 2399, Doha
mailing address: 6130 Doha Place, Washington DC 20521-6130
telephone: [974] 4496-6000
FAX: [974] 4488-4298
email address and website: PasDoha@state.gov
https://qa.usembassy.gov/
embassy: 22 February Street, Al Luqta District, P.O. Box 2399, Doha
mailing address: 6130 Doha Place, Washington DC 20521-6130
telephone: [974] 4496-6000
FAX: [974] 4488-4298
email address and website: PasDoha@state.gov
https://qa.usembassy.gov/
International organization participation
ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA (observer), EITI (implementing country), FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Treaties & Organisations
| Organisation | Status | Joined |
|---|---|---|
| Arab League (Arab League) | member | 1971-09-11 |
| OPEC (OPEC) | member | — |
| United Nations (UN) | member | 1971-09-21 |
| World Trade Organization (WTO) | member | — |
International law organization participation
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
International organization participation
ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CD, CICA (observer), EITI (implementing country), FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHRC, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNOOSA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Conflict & Security
Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees: 349 (2024 est.)
stateless persons: 1,200 (2024 est.)
Reference: 2024stateless persons: 1,200 (2024 est.)
Transportation & Logistics
Civil aircraft registration country code prefix
A7
Airports
8 (2025)
Heliports
12 (2025)
Merchant marine
total: 123 (2023)
by type: bulk carrier 5, container ship 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 108
Reference: 2023by type: bulk carrier 5, container ship 4, general cargo 4, oil tanker 2, other 108
Ports
total ports: 6 (2024)
large: 0
medium: 1
small: 2
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 5
key ports: Al Rayyan Terminal, Al Shaheen Terminal, Doha, Jazirat Halul, Ras Laffan, Umm Said
Reference: 2024large: 0
medium: 1
small: 2
very small: 3
ports with oil terminals: 5
key ports: Al Rayyan Terminal, Al Shaheen Terminal, Doha, Jazirat Halul, Ras Laffan, Umm Said
Environment
Environmental issues
air, land, and water pollution; limited natural freshwater resources; limited conservation of oil and wildlife
International environmental agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Climate
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers
Land use
agricultural land: 6.4% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.)
forest: 0.1% (2023 est.)
other: 93.4% (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023agricultural land: arable land: arable land: 1.8% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent crops: permanent crops: 0.3% (2023 est.)
agricultural land: permanent pasture: permanent pasture: 4.4% (2023 est.)
forest: 0.1% (2023 est.)
other: 93.4% (2023 est.)
Urbanization
urban population: 99.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Reference: 2023, 2020rate of urbanization: 1.66% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions
total emissions: 127.783 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from coal and metallurgical coke: 10,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 27.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas: 99.991 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023from coal and metallurgical coke: 10,000 metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from petroleum and other liquids: 27.781 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
from consumed natural gas: 99.991 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2023 est.)
Particulate matter emissions
59 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Reference: 2019Methane emissions
energy: 1,040.8 kt (2022-2024 est.)
agriculture: 9.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
waste: 64.7 kt (2019-2021 est.)
other: 5.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2022, 2021, 2019agriculture: 9.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
waste: 64.7 kt (2019-2021 est.)
other: 5.5 kt (2019-2021 est.)
Waste and recycling
municipal solid waste generated annually: 1.001 million tons (2024 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 6% (2022 est.)
Reference: 2024, 2022percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 6% (2022 est.)
Total water withdrawal
municipal: 582.862 million cubic meters (2022)
industrial: 40.18 million cubic meters (2022)
agricultural: 311.156 million cubic meters (2022)
Reference: 2022industrial: 40.18 million cubic meters (2022)
agricultural: 311.156 million cubic meters (2022)
Total renewable water resources
58 million cubic meters (2022 est.)
Reference: 2022Communications & Media
Telephones - fixed lines
total subscriptions: 526,000 (2023 est.)
subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2023 est.)
Reference: 2023subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 18 (2023 est.)
Broadcast media
state-controlled TV and radio licensing and access to local media markets; home of satellite TV channel Al-Jazeera, which was originally state-owned but is now independent; local radio includes state, private, and international broadcasters on FM frequencies; satellite TV available (2019)
Reference: 2019Internet country code
.qa
Historical Trends
Population
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Population data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 2,477,113 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 2,545,820 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 2,580,734 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 2,638,657 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | 2,794,148 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 2,504,910 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 2,657,333 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 2,656,032 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 2,857,822 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 2,972,215 | world_bank_wdi |
GDP (current US$)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View GDP (current US$) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | $151,732,181,868 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | $161,099,122,225 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | $183,334,953,819 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | $176,371,267,692 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | $144,411,363,352 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | $179,732,009,560 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | $235,709,325,714 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | $213,002,809,341 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | $216,294,505,495 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | $215,559,615,385 | world_bank_wdi |
International migrant stock (immigrants)
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International migrant stock (immigrants) data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 2,182,000 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 2,337,000 | world_bank_wdi |
International emigrant stock
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View International emigrant stock data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 1990 | 11,435 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 1995 | 11,463 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2000 | 11,605 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2005 | 13,249 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2010 | 15,397 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2015 | 16,605 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2020 | 18,513 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
| 2024 | 19,821 | un_migrant_stock_2024 |
Net migration
Source: World Bank WDI. Historical observations shown by reference period.
View Net migration data table
| Period | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| 2016 | 119,725 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2017 | 46,719 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2018 | 12,465 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2019 | 10,557 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2020 | -50,433 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2021 | 24,501 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2022 | 80,004 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2023 | 39,995 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2024 | 46,105 | world_bank_wdi |
| 2025 | 36,288 | world_bank_wdi |
Sources & Methodology
Current statistical observations include their reference period and provenance. Reference fields from approved source datasets are attributed below. Missing information is left unknown rather than inferred.
| Indicator | Value | Period | Source | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 2,972,215 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| UN Population Division population estimate | 3,173,560 | 2026 | UN Population Division Data Portal | Estimated |
| Wikidata population (fallback) | 2,639,211 | 2017 | Wikidata | Reported |
| International migrant stock (immigrants) | 2,337,000 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International migrant stock | 76.7% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| International emigrant stock | 19,821 | 2024 | UN DESA International Migrant Stock 2024 | Estimated |
| Net migration | 36,288 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Refugees hosted | 80 | 2012 | UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics | Verified |
| Asylum seekers hosted | 54 | 2012 | UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics | Verified |
| Refugees from this country | 73 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Asylum seekers from this country | 28 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Freedom of expression & alternative information index | 0.055 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Government censorship effort — media | -1.115 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Harassment of journalists | -2.254 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Print/broadcast media critical of government | -2.187 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Range of perspectives in major media | -2.269 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Media bias | -2.602 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Media self-censorship | -2.656 | 2025 | Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Country-Year Dataset v16 | Estimated |
| Same-sex sexual activity | No No No Illegal; Penalty: Fines, up to 7 years imprisonment Death penalty for Muslims. | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Recognition of same-sex relationships | No No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex marriage | No No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Same-sex adoption | No No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Open military service | No No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law | No No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| Gender identity / expression law | No No | current | Wikipedia — LGBTQ rights by country or territory | Reported |
| GDP (current US$) | $215,559,615,385 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP per capita (current US$) | $72,525 | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| GDP growth | 2.9% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Inflation, consumer prices | 1.3% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Unemployment | 0.1% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Income level | High income | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Life expectancy at birth | 82.5 years | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fertility rate | 1.7 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Urban population | 99.4% | 2025 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Individuals using the Internet | 98.1% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Exports of goods and services | 68.6% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Imports of goods and services | 31.6% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Trade | 100.2% | 2022 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Adult literacy rate | 97.8% | 2014 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secondary school enrolment, gross | 99.6% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Government education expenditure | 3.2% | 2020 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Access to electricity | 100.0% | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Electric power consumption | 19,963 kWh/person | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Renewable energy consumption | 0.0% | 2021 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Current health expenditure | 2.5% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Infant mortality rate | 4.8 per 1,000 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Forest area | 0.0% | 2023 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Mobile cellular subscriptions | 153.6 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Fixed broadband subscriptions | 11.8 per 100 | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Secure Internet servers | 445 per million | 2024 | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude | 25.2948° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Longitude | 51.5082° | current | World Bank — World Development Indicators | Verified |
| Latitude (Wikidata) | 25.2695° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Longitude (Wikidata) | 51.2128° | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Time zone | UTC+03:00, Asia/Qatar | current | Wikidata | Reported |
| Form of government | constitutional monarchy | current | Wikidata | Reported |
Data attribution
Credits below are generated from sources actually used by this country profile. Source-specific terms take precedence.
- CIA World Factbook, final 2025 country profile (structured via factbook.json). Accessed September 20, 2026. U.S. Government public-domain data; retained as a reference source where a newer approved field is not available. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, International Migrant Stock 2024; data access/processing via Our World in Data. Accessed September 20, 2026. Underlying UN dataset used under CC BY 3.0 IGO. Source · Terms/licence
- United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, World Population Prospects (WPP indicator 49) Accessed September 19, 2026. Used under CC BY 3.0 IGO; current-year WPP population values are presented as estimates/projections where applicable. Source · Terms/licence
- UNHCR Refugee Population Statistics Database. Accessed September 19, 2026. Used under CC BY 4.0 except where a dataset identifies a different source or licence. Source · Terms/licence
- Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem), Country-Year Dataset v16 (variables: v2mebias, v2mecenefm, v2mecrit, v2meharjrn, v2merange, v2meslfcen, v2x_freexp_altinf) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0; V-Dem measures are expert-coded/modelled and no V-Dem endorsement is implied. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikidata structured data (CC0). Accessed September 20, 2026. Attribution is provided by Knelstrom for provenance although CC0 does not require it. Source · Terms/licence
- Wikipedia, “LGBTQ rights by country or territory” (source revision/data fields: Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Gender identity / expression law, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Open military service, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Recognition of same-sex relationships, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex adoption, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex marriage, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Same-sex sexual activity, Wikipedia revision 1374406645 — Sexual-orientation anti-discrimination law) Accessed September 20, 2026. Used under CC BY-SA 4.0. Knelstrom changes formatting and presents the imported material as a community-edited legal-status summary, not legal advice or a Knelstrom rights score. Source · Terms/licence
- World Bank, World Development Indicators (series: AG.LND.FRST.ZS, country_metadata, EG.ELC.ACCS.ZS, EG.FEC.RNEW.ZS, EG.USE.ELEC.KH.PC, FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG, IT.CEL.SETS.P2, IT.NET.BBND.P2, IT.NET.SECR.P6, IT.NET.USER.ZS, NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS, NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS, NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS, NY.GDP.MKTP.CD, NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG, NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, SE.ADT.LITR.ZS, SE.SEC.ENRR, SE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZS, SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS, SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS, SM.POP.ASYS.EO, SM.POP.NETM, SM.POP.RHCR.EO, SM.POP.TOTL, SM.POP.TOTL.ZS, SP.DYN.IMRT.IN, SP.DYN.LE00.IN, SP.DYN.TFRT.IN, SP.POP.TOTL, SP.URB.TOTL.IN.ZS) Accessed September 20, 2026. Data used under CC BY 4.0; Knelstrom presentation/formatting may differ from the source. Source · Terms/licence
Knelstrom does not imply endorsement by any listed data provider.
Last automated statistical refresh: 2026-09-20 02:10:30